在 Turtle Graphics 中綁定多個按鍵
在遊戲開發中，協調使用者輸入需要可靠的按鍵綁定技術。本文介紹如何在海龜圖形中將多個按鍵綁定在一起，從而在按下某些組合時啟用複雜的操作。
問題陳述：
建立一個連接-點 Python 遊戲，其中：
初始方法：
以下程式碼代表初步嘗試：
import turtle
flynn = turtle.Turtle()
win = turtle.Screen()
win.bgcolor("LightBlue")
flynn.pensize(7)
flynn.pencolor("lightBlue")
win.listen()
def Up():
flynn.setheading(90)
flynn.forward(25)
def Down():
flynn.setheading(270)
flynn.forward(20)
def Left():
flynn.setheading(180)
flynn.forward(20)
def Right():
flynn.setheading(0)
flynn.forward(20)
def upright():
flynn.setheading(45)
flynn.forward(20)
win.onkey(Up, "Up")
win.onkey(Down,"Down")
win.onkey(Left,"Left")
win.onkey(Right,"Right")挑戰：
上面的程式碼不會同時註冊多個按鍵。例如，按向上和向右只會執行按下的第二個鍵的操作。
替代方案：
由於 onkeypress() 的限制，替代方案需要採取方法。在此解決方案中，按鍵記錄在清單中，計時器會定期檢查註冊的組合併執行適當的操作。
from turtle import Turtle, Screen
win = Screen()
flynn = Turtle('turtle')
def process_events():
events = tuple(sorted(key_events))
if events and events in key_event_handlers:
(key_event_handlers[events])()
key_events.clear()
win.ontimer(process_events, 200)
def Up():
key_events.add('UP')
def Down():
key_events.add('DOWN')
def Left():
key_events.add('LEFT')
def Right():
key_events.add('RIGHT')
def move_up():
flynn.setheading(90)
flynn.forward(25)
def move_down():
flynn.setheading(270)
flynn.forward(20)
def move_left():
flynn.setheading(180)
flynn.forward(20)
def move_right():
flynn.setheading(0)
flynn.forward(20)
def move_up_right():
flynn.setheading(45)
flynn.forward(20)
def move_down_right():
flynn.setheading(-45)
flynn.forward(20)
def move_up_left():
flynn.setheading(135)
flynn.forward(20)
def move_down_left():
flynn.setheading(225)
flynn.forward(20)
key_event_handlers = { \
('UP',): move_up, \
('DOWN',): move_down, \
('LEFT',): move_left, \
('RIGHT',): move_right, \
('RIGHT', 'UP'): move_up_right, \
('DOWN', 'RIGHT'): move_down_right, \
('LEFT', 'UP'): move_up_left, \
('DOWN', 'LEFT'): move_down_left, \
}
key_events = set()
win.onkey(Up, "Up")
win.onkey(Down, "Down")
win.onkey(Left, "Left")
win.onkey(Right, "Right")
win.listen()
process_events()
win.mainloop()此解決方案有效解決了該問題，允許同時註冊多個按鍵.
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