在本系列的第一篇文章中，我們逐步介紹如何使用 Spring Boot、Cloudinary、Docker 和 PostgreSQL 建立一個強大的映像上傳器。我們涵蓋了從設定項目到向保存圖像和資訊的端點發出請求的所有內容。如果您還沒有閱讀那篇文章，我強烈建議您從那裡開始，為我們將要使用的應用程式打下堅實的基礎。
現在，是時候確保我們的應用程式可靠並隨著時間的推移保持其完整性。這為我們帶來了軟體開發的一個關鍵方面：測試。在本文中，我們將重點放在我們的圖像上傳器 API 編寫單元測試。我們將探索如何模擬依賴關係，並撰寫涵蓋服務不同部分的測試。
單元測試不僅有助於及早發現錯誤，還能確保我們的程式碼可維護和可擴展。在本文結束時，您將擁有一套針對圖像上傳器 API 的全面測試，讓您確信您的應用程式按預期運作。
讓我們深入單元測試的世界，讓我們的圖像上傳器 API 防彈！
我正在使用 VSCode 和 Java 擴充包。現在我們準備好要寫測試了。
如果您使用其他 IDE，請參閱 JUnit5 文件中對所有這些 IDE 的支援。
右鍵點選 BookService 類，按一下“Go to Test”，然後從選單中選擇要為其產生測試的方法。
將產生一個類似的文件，如下所示：
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
public class BookServiceTest {
@Test
void testAddBook() {
}
}
請記住，在本文中，我們將使用 AAA 模式 進行測試（安排 - 執行 - 斷言）。
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
public class BookServiceTest {
@Mock
private BookRepository bookRepository;
@Mock
private Cloudinary cloudinary;
@Mock
private MultipartFile multipartFile;
@Mock
private Uploader uploader;
@Captor
private ArgumentCaptor<Book> bookArgumentCaptor;
@InjectMocks
private BookService bookService;
}
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
public class BookServiceTest {
@Mock
private BookRepository bookRepository;
@Mock
private Cloudinary cloudinary;
@Mock
private MultipartFile multipartFile;
@Mock
private Uploader uploader;
@Captor
private ArgumentCaptor<Book> bookArgumentCaptor;
@InjectMocks
private BookService bookService;
@Nested
class AddBook {
@Test
void shouldCreateANewBook() throws Exception {
// Arrange
Map<String, Object> uploadResult = Map.of("url", "http://example.com/image.jpg");
when(cloudinary.uploader()).thenReturn(uploader);
when(uploader.upload(any(File.class), anyMap())).thenReturn(uploadResult);
Book book = new Book();
book.setName("Test Book");
book.setImgUrl(uploadResult.get("url").toString());
when(bookRepository.save(any(Book.class))).thenReturn(book);
when(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename()).thenReturn("test.jpg");
when(multipartFile.getBytes()).thenReturn("test content".getBytes());
// Act
Book result = bookService.addBook("Test Book", multipartFile);
// Assert
assertNotNull(result);
assertEquals("Test Book", result.getName());
assertEquals("http://example.com/image.jpg", result.getImgUrl());
}
@Test
void shouldCallRepositorySave() throws Exception {
// Arrange
Map<String, Object> uploadResult = Map.of("url", "http://example.com/image.jpg");
when(cloudinary.uploader()).thenReturn(uploader);
when(uploader.upload(any(File.class), anyMap())).thenReturn(uploadResult);
Book book = new Book();
book.setName("Test Book");
book.setImgUrl(uploadResult.get("url").toString());
when(bookRepository.save(any(Book.class))).thenReturn(book);
when(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename()).thenReturn("test.jpg");
when(multipartFile.getBytes()).thenReturn("test content".getBytes());
// Act
bookService.addBook("Test Book", multipartFile);
// Assert
verify(bookRepository, times(1)).save(bookArgumentCaptor.capture());
Book capturedBook = bookArgumentCaptor.getValue();
assertEquals("Test Book", capturedBook.getName());
assertEquals("http://example.com/image.jpg", capturedBook.getImgUrl());
}
@Test
void shouldFailTheUpload() throws Exception {
// Arrange
when(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename()).thenReturn("test.jpg");
when(multipartFile.getBytes()).thenReturn("test content".getBytes());
when(cloudinary.uploader()).thenReturn(uploader);
when(uploader.upload(any(File.class),
anyMap())).thenThrow(IOException.class);
// Act & Assert
ResponseStatusException exception = assertThrows(ResponseStatusException.class, () -> {
bookService.addBook("Test Book", multipartFile);
});
assertEquals(HttpStatus.BAD_GATEWAY, exception.getStatusCode());
assertEquals("Failed to upload the file.", exception.getReason());
}
}
}
package cloudinary.upload.imageUpload.controllers;
import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.multipart;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockMultipartFile;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.server.ResponseStatusException;
import cloudinary.upload.imageUpload.configs.GlobalExceptionHandler;
import cloudinary.upload.imageUpload.entities.Book;
import cloudinary.upload.imageUpload.services.BookService;
@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
public class BookControllerTest {
@Mock
private BookService bookService;
@InjectMocks
private BookController bookController;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Nested
class AddBook {
@Test
void shouldReturnSuccess() throws Exception {
// Arrange
MockMultipartFile image = new MockMultipartFile("imgUrl", "test.jpg", MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG_VALUE,
"test content".getBytes());
Book book = new Book();
book.setName("Test Book");
book.setImgUrl("http://example.com/image.jpg");
when(bookService.addBook(any(String.class), any(MockMultipartFile.class))).thenReturn(book);
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(bookController).build();
// Act & Assert
mockMvc.perform(multipart("/addBook")
.file(image)
.param("name", "Test Book"))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.name").value("Test Book"))
.andExpect(jsonPath("$.imgUrl").value("http://example.com/image.jpg"));
}
@Test
void shouldFailToUploadImage() throws Exception {
// Arrange
MockMultipartFile image = new MockMultipartFile("imgUrl", "test.jpg", MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG_VALUE,
"test content".getBytes());
when(bookService.addBook(any(String.class), any(MockMultipartFile.class)))
.thenThrow(new ResponseStatusException(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
"Failed to upload the file."));
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(bookController).setControllerAdvice(new GlobalExceptionHandler())
.build();
// Act & Assert
mockMvc.perform(multipart("/addBook")
.file(image)
.param("name", "Test Book"))
.andExpect(status().isInternalServerError())
.andExpect(result -> result.getResponse().equals("Failed to upload the file."));
}
@Test
void shouldFailWithMissingNameParameter() throws Exception {
// Arrange
MockMultipartFile image = new MockMultipartFile("imgUrl", "test.jpg", MediaType.IMAGE_JPEG_VALUE,
"test content".getBytes());
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(bookController).build();
// Act & Assert
mockMvc.perform(multipart("/addBook")
.file(image))
.andExpect(status().isBadRequest());
}
@Test
void shouldFailWithMissingImageParameter() throws Exception {
// Arrange
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(bookController).build();
// Act & Assert
mockMvc.perform(multipart("/addBook")
.param("name", "Test Book"))
.andExpect(status().isBadRequest());
}
}
}
這些是一些簡單的測試案例，供您開始測試您的應用程式。請記住，我們可以透過添加一些工廠來重建這些測試以避免重複。
感謝您的閱讀。
JUnit5 - 文件
Mockito - 文檔
以上是使用 JUnitnd Mockito 對圖像上傳器 API 進行單元測試的詳細內容。更多資訊請關注PHP中文網其他相關文章！
