Questions and answers by myself. I hope it will be helpful to those who encounter the same situation. You are also welcome to suggest modifications or better solutions.
According to searches in the past few days, few modules explicitly support audio stream format conversion.
Find an available module io, the sound processing module can refer to https://wiki.python.org/moin/...

import io aud=io.BytesIO(data)#data的格式是mp3数据的bytestring

Then you can use this stream data like a file, and then you can use the mp3 file to wav module instead of writing to the file and reading it again.

The following is the verification process combined with pydub:

from pydub import AudioSegment ###需要安装pydub、ffmpeg import wave import io #先从本地获取mp3的bytestring作为数据样本 fp=open("/home/dyan/你好.mp3",'rb') data=fp.read() fp.close() #主要部分 aud=io.BytesIO(data) sound=AudioSegment.from_file(aud,format='mp3') raw_data = sound._data #写入到文件，验证结果是否正确。 l=len(raw_data) f=wave.open("/home/dyan/123.wav",'wb') f.setnchannels(1) f.setsampwidth(2) f.setframerate(16000) f.setnframes(l) f.writeframes(raw_data) f.close()