SpringBoot + Mongodb 开发中关于MongoTamplate的配置问题-PHP Chinese Network Q&A

背景：

项目使用maven管理，如下是依赖jar树结构：

[INFO] xxx:groupon-boot:jar:1.0 [INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | | +- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.7:compile [INFO] | | | +- org.slf4j:log4j-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.7:compile [INFO] | | | \- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.1.2:compile [INFO] | | | \- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.1.2:compile [INFO] | | \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.14:runtime [INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.0.15:compile [INFO] | | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.0.15:compile [INFO] | | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-logging-juli:jar:8.0.15:compile [INFO] | | \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.0.15:compile [INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.4.4:compile [INFO] | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.4.4:compile [INFO] | | \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.4.4:compile [INFO] | +- org.hibernate:hibernate-validator:jar:5.1.3.Final:compile [INFO] | | +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile [INFO] | | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.1.3.GA:compile [INFO] | | \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.0.0:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | | \- aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-redis:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-context-support:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-redis:jar:1.4.1.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.7:compile [INFO] | \- redis.clients:jedis:jar:2.5.2:compile [INFO] | \- org.apache.commons:commons-pool2:jar:2.2:compile [INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-aop:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.aspectj:aspectjrt:jar:1.8.4:compile [INFO] | | \- org.aspectj:aspectjweaver:jar:1.8.4:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc:jar:1.2.0.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | \- org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-jdbc:jar:8.0.15:compile [INFO] | | \- org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-juli:jar:8.0.15:compile [INFO] | +- org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:jar:4.3.7.Final:compile [INFO] | | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging-annotations:jar:1.2.0.Beta1:compile [INFO] | | +- org.hibernate:hibernate-core:jar:4.3.7.Final:compile [INFO] | | | +- antlr:antlr:jar:2.7.7:compile [INFO] | | | \- org.jboss:jandex:jar:1.1.0.Final:compile [INFO] | | +- org.hibernate.common:hibernate-commons-annotations:jar:4.0.5.Final:compile [INFO] | | +- org.hibernate.javax.persistence:hibernate-jpa-2.1-api:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile [INFO] | | +- org.jboss.spec.javax.transaction:jboss-transaction-api_1.2_spec:jar:1.0.0.Final:compile [INFO] | | \- org.javassist:javassist:jar:3.18.1-GA:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-orm:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-jpa:jar:1.7.1.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-commons:jar:1.9.1.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | \- org.slf4j:jcl-over-slf4j:jar:1.7.7:compile [INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-aspects:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] +- org.hsqldb:hsqldb:jar:2.3.2:runtime [INFO] \- witcool:groupon-mongodb:jar:1.0:compile [INFO] +- witcool:yqsp-mongo-common:jar:1.0:compile [INFO] | +- witcool:yqsp-common:jar:1.0:compile [INFO] | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:jar:4.3.2:compile [INFO] | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:jar:4.3.6:compile [INFO] | | +- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpmime:jar:4.3.6:compile [INFO] | | \- commons-configuration:commons-configuration:jar:1.6:compile [INFO] | | +- commons-collections:commons-collections:jar:3.2.1:compile [INFO] | | +- commons-digester:commons-digester:jar:2.1:compile [INFO] | | | \- commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils:jar:1.9.2:compile [INFO] | | \- commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils-core:jar:1.8.0:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:4.1.3.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-core:jar:3.2.5.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-web:jar:3.2.5.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-config:jar:3.2.5.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.security:spring-security-taglibs:jar:3.2.5.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | | \- org.springframework.security:spring-security-acl:jar:3.2.5.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- org.springframework.security.oauth:spring-security-oauth2:jar:1.0.5.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | +- javax.annotation:com.springsource.javax.annotation:jar:1.0.0:compile [INFO] | +- javax.inject:javax.inject:jar:1:compile [INFO] | +- mysql:mysql-connector-java:jar:5.1.34:compile [INFO] | +- commons-dbcp:commons-dbcp:jar:1.4:compile [INFO] | +- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:jar:1.7.7:runtime [INFO] | +- log4j:log4j:jar:1.2.17:compile [INFO] | +- org.glassfish.jersey.media:jersey-media-json-jackson:jar:2.13:compile [INFO] | | \- org.glassfish.jersey.core:jersey-common:jar:2.13:compile [INFO] | | +- javax.ws.rs:javax.ws.rs-api:jar:2.0.1:compile [INFO] | | +- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.2:compile [INFO] | | +- org.glassfish.jersey.bundles.repackaged:jersey-guava:jar:2.13:compile [INFO] | | +- org.glassfish.hk2:hk2-api:jar:2.3.0-b10:compile [INFO] | | | +- org.glassfish.hk2:hk2-utils:jar:2.3.0-b10:compile [INFO] | | | \- org.glassfish.hk2.external:aopalliance-repackaged:jar:2.3.0-b10:compile [INFO] | | +- org.glassfish.hk2.external:javax.inject:jar:2.3.0-b10:compile [INFO] | | +- org.glassfish.hk2:hk2-locator:jar:2.3.0-b10:compile [INFO] | | \- org.glassfish.hk2:osgi-resource-locator:jar:1.0.1:compile [INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs:jackson-jaxrs-json-provider:jar:2.3.2:compile [INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs:jackson-jaxrs-base:jar:2.3.2:compile [INFO] | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-jaxb-annotations:jar:2.3.2:compile [INFO] | \- cglib:cglib:jar:2.2.2:compile [INFO] | \- asm:asm:jar:3.3.1:compile [INFO] +- org.springframework.data:spring-data-mongodb:jar:1.6.1.RELEASE:compile [INFO] | \- org.mongodb:mongo-java-driver:jar:2.12.4:compile [INFO] +- commons-httpclient:commons-httpclient:jar:3.1:compile [INFO] | \- commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.0.4:compile [INFO] +- commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.6:compile [INFO] +- commons-codec:commons-codec:jar:1.6:compile [INFO] +- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-core-asl:jar:1.8.4:compile [INFO] +- org.codehaus.jackson:jackson-mapper-asl:jar:1.8.4:compile [INFO] +- dom4j:dom4j:jar:1.6.1:compile [INFO] | \- xml-apis:xml-apis:jar:1.0.b2:compile [INFO] \- javax.servlet:javax.servlet-api:jar:3.1.0:compile

如下是spring配置文件：

问题：

执行打好的jar包后，报如下错误：
No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency.

我的想法是通过上面的jar树和配置文件，证明我已经依赖了spring-data-mongodb包。
那为什么仍然会提示我MongoTemplate没有定义？

更新：

感谢@Kavlez同学提醒和@XFHNever同学帮忙，的确是没有加载到配置文件，给入口类添加@ImportResource("applicationContext.xml")

加载成功后，又报NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException异常，描述为
No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 2: sequenceTemplate,grouponTemplate

但此时我注入的方式是@Autowired和@Qualifier("grouponTemplate")配合（在其他spring项目中这样做没有问题的）但为什么仍然会报NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException呢？

好吧，问题的原因没有找到，倒是让我侥幸解决了：
在spring配置文件中新添加了一个bean：

项目跑了起来～

最后，如果有幸得知该问题的原因，我更新在这个问题下面。再次感谢。

reply all (3)

伊谢尔伦2017-04-24 09:15:28 3 floor

From the information provided by the subject, neither of the two MongoTemplates declared in the Spring configuration file were detected.
If @XFHNever said it is because two beans of the same type are configured at the same time and it is impossible to identify which one is needed, in this case the exception message should be:Autowire

org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type
[org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate] is defined:
expected single matching bean but found 2

My guess is that the configuration file may not have been read.

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黄舟2017-04-24 09:15:28 2 floor

This is probably because you have configured two MongoTemplates in the configuration file, and Spring does not know which one should be loaded. You can consider using @Autowired and @Qualifier at the same time to specify which MongoTemplate to load.

PS:

@Resource is assembled and injected according to the name by default. Only when a bean matching the name cannot be found, it will be assembled and injected according to the type; @Resource(name="studentDao")
@Autowired defaults to assembly and injection according to type. If you want to allocate injection according to name, you need to use it together with @Qualifier; @Autowired @Qualifier("studentDao")
The @Resource annotation is provided by J2EE, and @Autowired is provided by Spring. Therefore, it is recommended to use @Resource to reduce the system's dependence on spring;