There is a configuration called Profile in Maven, which can be configured differently for different environments.

<profiles>
     <profile>
          <id>dev</id>
          <properties>
               <db.driver>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</db.driver>
               <db.url>jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.100:3306/test</db.url>
               <db.username>dev</db.username>
               <db.password>dev-pwd</db.password>
          </properties>
     </profile>
     //可定义多个profile，针对不同环境的不同id
     <profile>
     ...
     <profile>
</profiles>

Use the command line to specify different configurations based on different Profile Ids

mvn clean install -P dev

FYI

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14117117/dynamically-loading-properties-file-using-spring

    <bean id="myProperties" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <!-- check property file(s) every 1 second -->
        <property name="cacheSeconds" value="1"/>
        <property name="basenames">
            <list>
                <value>myApp/myApp</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

有一个技术，叫做autoconfig的。你可以百度了解一下。
可以通过配置文件，配置测试环境、开发环境、线上环境，项目会根据不同的情况下，分别加载不同的配置文件。

It is impossible to change the connected database without restarting the server. You can obtain the connection information value, but it is impossible to dynamically switch to another database

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