I didn’t quite understand it,
Since it’s the same step, just
update the table set column 1 = column 2 where condition
and that’s it

1. Create a new table based on the new value, then merge the two tables, and finally delete the temporary table;

2. Create a transaction, write all updates into it, and finally commit;

What I don’t understand is whether AA and BB are one table or two tables.
If it is one table, @prolifes’ method can be used.
If it is two tables,
update AA a, BB b set a.col1 = b. col2 where a.bh = b.bh and a.year='2017-2018' and b.year='2016-2017',
Also, the slowness is related to the size of your data and the index, I just give A general method, how effective it is, you have to try it yourself

Thank you for your suggestions. In the end, I used the one on the Internet, which is slightly more efficient:
Oracle has two methods:
Inline view update

update ( select t1.id t1id ,t1.nickname t1nickname,t1.playNum t1playnum,t2.id t2id ,t2.nickname t2nickname,t2.playNum t2playnum from t1 inner join t2 on (t1.id=t2.id) ) set t1nickname=t2nickname,t1playnum=t2playnum;