If the system uses systemd, you can use systemd.timer to set seconds or even millisecond-level scheduled tasks.
Specific reference: here

The default minimum unit of crontab is minutes, but it can also be implemented in some tricky ways. For example, execute every 10 seconds:

* * * * * php /home/test.php
* * * * * sleep 10; php /home/test.php
* * * * * sleep 20; php /home/test.php
* * * * * sleep 30; php /home/test.php
* * * * * sleep 40; php /home/test.php
* * * * * sleep 50; php /home/test.php

Per second, it can also be achieved in the above way, but it is a lot and is not recommended, so using a shell script is a better choice.

#!/bin/bash  
  
step=1 #间隔的秒数，不能大于60  
  
for (( i = 0; i < 60; i=(i+step) )); do  
    $(php '/home/test.php')  
    sleep $step  
done  
  
exit 0  

crontab can’t handle it in seconds, you can only use the resident process to solve it

The minimum execution time granularity of crontab is one minute. For seconds, you can start an infinite loop to continuously obtain data.
while(true){
file_get_contents('get_data_controller');
sleep(1);
}