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- Usage of decimal in sql
- The DECIMAL data type in SQL is used to store exact decimal numbers. It has the following syntax: DECIMAL(precision, scale), where precision is the total number of digits and scale is the number of digits after the decimal point. DECIMAL is used to store financial data, monetary values, and other numbers that require high precision. Unlike FLOAT and DOUBLE, DECIMAL stores exact values without using scientific notation. It takes up more storage space than FLOAT or DOUBLE. You should use = and <> operators when comparing. If you need greater precision and range, you can use NUMER
- SQL 1223 2024-05-02 05:06:37
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- Usage of decode in sql
- The DECODE function is used to evaluate different values based on a conditional expression, similar to the IF-ELSE syntax. Its usage includes: replacing NULL values, converting data types, and returning different values based on conditions.
- SQL 1096 2024-05-02 05:00:31
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- begin end usage in sql
- In SQL, BEGIN and END are used as transaction boundary markers to ensure the atomicity, durability, and isolation of operations. BEGIN starts a transaction and END commits or rolls back the transaction. 1. BEGIN starts the transaction. 2. Perform an operation (insert, update, etc.). 3. COMMIT commits the transaction and makes the changes permanent. 4. ROLLBACK rolls back the transaction and undoes the changes.
- SQL 902 2024-05-02 04:57:17
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- The main function of rollback statement in sql
- The ROLLBACK statement can undo all changes in the current transaction and restore it to the state at the beginning of the transaction. Specific operations include: canceling uncommitted data operations, restoring the original values of modified records, and releasing transaction-locked resources. Use ROLLBACK when an error occurs in a transaction, the user wants to undo changes, or the database needs to be rolled back. It should be noted that ROLLBACK cannot undo DDL operations and can only affect the current transaction. Uncommitted changes will be lost after execution.
- SQL 979 2024-05-02 04:54:15
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- Usage of avg function in sql
- The AVG function in SQL is used to calculate the average of numeric values. Its syntax is AVG(column_name). AVG functions ignore NULL values. You can use the AS keyword to specify aliases for results. It only works for numeric type data, returning NULL if the target column has no value or contains only NULL values, and throwing an error if it contains non-numeric values.
- SQL 816 2024-05-02 04:48:18
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- What does != mean in sql?
- In SQL queries, the != operator means "not equal to" and compares two expressions. If the results are different, it is true, if the results are the same, it is false. Syntax: expression1 != expression2. For example: SELECT * FROM customers WHERE age != 30; This query returns all customer records whose age is not equal to 30.
- SQL 1241 2024-05-02 04:42:15
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- How to express inclusion in sql
- The IN operator is used in SQL to express inclusion, and its syntax is "column_name IN (value1, value2, ...)". Extended representations include NOT IN, ANY, and ALL, which check whether a value is not in a list, exists in a subquery, or exists in all subquery rows.
- SQL 436 2024-05-02 04:39:16
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- What does mod in sql mean?
- MOD in SQL is the operator that calculates the remainder. Usage: MOD(x, y), where x is the dividend and y is the divisor. Returns the remainder after dividing x by y, which is always a nonnegative number. Use cases include calculating the day of the week, checking parity, and detecting whether a number is a multiple.
- SQL 583 2024-05-02 04:36:14
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- What does union mean in sql?
- UNION is an operator in SQL that combines the result sets of two or more SELECT statements and returns a new result set that contains all unique rows. UNION only applies to SELECT statements with the same structure (consistent number of columns and data types) and automatically eliminates duplicate rows.
- SQL 480 2024-05-02 04:27:15
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- How to use replace function in sql
- The REPLACE function in SQL is used to replace all given substrings with another substring in a text or string. Can be used for basic replacement, conditional replacement, and NULL value handling. The basic syntax is: REPLACE(string, old_substring, new_substring).
- SQL 811 2024-05-02 04:21:16
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- How to use union in sql
- The UNION operation combines rows from different tables into a single result set, removing duplicate rows. The syntax format is: SELECT column_list FROM table1 UNION SELECT column_list FROM table2..., where table1 and table2 are the tables to be merged. The UNION operation requires that the participating tables have the same number of columns and data types, and that duplicate rows are removed.
- SQL 969 2024-05-02 04:18:17
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- Usage of char in sql
- The char data type in SQL is a string type used to store fixed-length character data. Each character occupies one byte and is suitable for data that requires a specified length. Its advantages include fixed storage space, convenient comparison and sorting, and improved querying. Performance, but the disadvantage is low storage space utilization and the need to deal with Unicode character set compatibility issues. Unlike varchar, char has a fixed storage space, while varchar allows variable character length and dynamically allocates storage space.
- SQL 1258 2024-05-02 04:15:26
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- The meaning of having in sql
- The HAVING clause is used to filter grouped data in a SQL query. Unlike the WHERE clause, which filters individual rows, the HAVING clause is used to filter groups created by the GROUP BY clause. Uses include: filtering summary values based on groups, applying aggregate function conditions, and filtering groups that meet specific conditions.
- SQL 680 2024-05-02 04:12:17
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- What does having mean in sql
- The HAVING clause is used to filter aggregate results in SQL queries and filter rows that meet specific conditions. The HAVING clause can only be used with a GROUP BY clause, and conditions can reference aggregate functions and grouping columns.
- SQL 566 2024-05-02 04:09:14
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- How to use having in sql
- The HAVING clause is used to filter grouped data. The syntax is: SELECT aggregate_functions(column_name) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name HAVING condition;. It can filter on aggregate functions, grouping columns, constants or operators. For example, the following query filters out groups with at least 3 items in the order and a total amount greater than $100: SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT order_id) AS order_count FROM orders GROUP BY cus
- SQL 1149 2024-05-02 04:06:17