Python通过DOM和SAX方式解析XML的应用实例分享

WBOY
Release: 2016-06-10 15:07:12
Original
1140 people have browsed it

XML.DOM

需求
有一个表,里面数据量比较大,每天一更新,其字段可以通过xml配置文件进行配置,即,可能每次建表的字段不一样。

上游跑时会根据配置从源文件中提取,到入库这一步需要根据配置进行建表。

解决
写了一个简单的xml,配置需要字段及类型

上游读取到对应的数据

入库这一步,先把原表删除,根据配置建新表

XML文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   id  query varchar(200) false query  pv integer false pv  avg_money integer false  
Copy after login

处理脚本

#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- #author: wklken #desc: use to read db xml config. #----------------------- #2012-02-18 created #---------------------- import sys,os from xml.dom import minidom, Node def read_dbconfig_xml(xml_file_path): content = {} root = minidom.parse(xml_file_path) table = root.getElementsByTagName("table")[0] #read dbname and table name. table_name = table.getAttribute("name") db_name = table.getAttribute("db_name") if len(table_name) > 0 and len(db_name) > 0: db_sql = "create database if not exists `" + db_name +"`; use " + db_name + ";" table_drop_sql = "drop " + table_name + " if exists " + table_name + ";" content.update({"db_sql" : db_sql}) content.update({"table_sql" : table_drop_sql }) else: print "Error:attribute is not define well! db_name=" + db_name + " ;table_name=" + table_name sys.exit(1) #print table_name, db_name table_create_sql = "create table " + table_name +"(" #read primary cell primary_key = table.getElementsByTagName("primary_key")[0] primary_key_name = primary_key.getElementsByTagName("name")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue table_create_sql += primary_key_name + " INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY," #print primary_key.toxml() #read ordernary field fields = table.getElementsByTagName("field") f_index = 0 for field in fields: f_index += 1 name = field.getElementsByTagName("name")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue type = field.getElementsByTagName("type")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue table_create_sql += name + " " + type if f_index != len(fields): table_create_sql += "," is_index = field.getElementsByTagName("is_index")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue table_create_sql += ");" content.update({"table_create_sql" : table_create_sql}) #character set latin1 collate latin1_danish_ci; print content if __name__ == "__main__": read_dbconfig_xml(sys.argv[1])
Copy after login

涉及方法
root = minidom.parse(xml_file_path) 获取dom对象

root.getElementsByTagName("table") 根据tag获取节点列表

table.getAttribute("name") 获取属性

primary_key.getElementsByTagName("name")[0].childNodes[0].nodeValue 获取子节点的值(id 得到id)


SAX
需求
读取xml数据文件,文件较大,需要实时处理插入到数据库

xml文档

  100000  
北京,海淀区
437 1989 333 242 null 大学 1 2月14日
Copy after login

处理
sax处理时并不会像dom一样可以以类似节点的维度进行读取,它只有 开始标签 内容 结束标签 之分

处理思想是:通过一个handler,对开始标签,内容,结束标签各有一个处理函数

代码及注解
person 处理类

from xml.sax import handler,parseString class PersonHandler(handler.ContentHandler): def __init__(self, db_ops): #db op obj self.db_ops = db_ops #存储一个person的map self.person = {} #当前的tag self.current_tag = "" #是否是tag之间的内容 ,目的拿到tag间内容,不受空白的干扰 self.in_quote = 0 #开始,清空map def startElement(self, name, attr): #以person,清空map if name == "person": self.person = {} #记录 状态 self.current_tag = name self.in_quote = 1 #结束,插入数据库 def endElement(self, name): #以person结尾 代表读取一个person的信息结束 if name == "person": #do something in_fields = tuple([ ('"' + self.person.get(i,"") + '"') for i in fields ]) print in_sql % in_fields db_ops.insert( in_sql%(in_fields)) #处理 self.in_quote = 0 def characters(self, content): #若是在tag之间的内容,更新到map中 if self.in_quote: self.person.update({self.current_tag: content})
Copy after login

加上入库的完整代码

#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- #parse_person.py #version : 0.1 #author : wukunliang@163.com #desc : parse person.xml and out sql import sys,os import MySQLdb reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8') in_sql = "insert into person(id,sex,address,fansNum,summary,wbNum,gzNum,blog,edu,work,renZh,brithday) values(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)" fields = ("id","sex","address","fansNum","summary","wbNum","gzNum","blog","edu","work","renZh","brithday") #数据库方法 class Db_Connect: def __init__(self, db_host, user, pwd, db_name, charset="utf8", use_unicode = True): print "init begin" print db_host, user, pwd, db_name, charset , use_unicode self.conn = MySQLdb.Connection(db_host, user, pwd, db_name, charset=charset , use_unicode=use_unicode) print "init end" def insert(self, sql): try: n = self.conn.cursor().execute(sql) return n except MySQLdb.Warning, e: print "Error: execute sql '",sql,"' failed" def close(self): self.conn.close() #person 处理类 from xml.sax import handler,parseString class PersonHandler(handler.ContentHandler): def __init__(self, db_ops): #db op obj self.db_ops = db_ops #存储一个person的map self.person = {} #当前的tag self.current_tag = "" #是否是tag之间的内容 self.in_quote = 0 #开始,清空map def startElement(self, name, attr): #以person,清空map if name == "person": self.person = {} #记录 状态 self.current_tag = name self.in_quote = 1 #结束,插入数据库 def endElement(self, name): #以person结尾 代表读取一个person的信息结束 if name == "person": #do something in_fields = tuple([ ('"' + self.person.get(i,"") + '"') for i in fields ]) print in_sql % in_fields db_ops.insert( in_sql%(in_fields)) #处理 self.in_quote = 0 def characters(self, content): #若是在tag之间的内容,更新到map中 if self.in_quote: self.person.update({self.current_tag: content}) if __name__ == "__main__": f = open("./person.xml") #如果源文件gbk 转码 若是utf-8,去掉decode.encode db_ops = Db_Connect("127.0.0.1", "root", "root", "test") parseString(f.read().decode("gbk").encode("utf-8"), PersonHandler(db_ops)) f.close() db_ops.close()
Copy after login

平时拿python来分析数据,工具脚本还有hadoop streamming,但是用的面和深度实在欠缺 只能说道行还浅,需要多多实践

Related labels:
source:php.cn
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Latest Downloads
More>
Web Effects
Website Source Code
Website Materials
Front End Template
About us Disclaimer Sitemap
php.cn:Public welfare online PHP training,Help PHP learners grow quickly!