Several common PHP algorithm interview questions

王林
Release: 2023-04-09 19:16:02
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Several common PHP algorithm interview questions

下面是整理好的几道php算法面试题,在近几年中这些题目频繁出现在面试题中,现在分享给大家,希望能对大家有所帮助。

题目一:

一群猴子排成一圈,按1,2,…,n依次编号。然后从第1只开始数,数到第m只,把它踢出圈,从它后面再开始数,再数到第m只,在把它踢出去…,如此不停的进行下去,直到最后只剩下一只猴子为止,那只猴子就叫做大王。要求编程模拟此过程,输入m、n, 输出最后那个大王的编号。

function king($m, $n) { if (1 >= $n) { return $n; } $monkeys = range(1, $n); $count = $n; while ($count > 1) { $remainder = $m % $count; unset($monkeys[$remainder - 1]); $monkeys = array_values($monkeys); $count--; } return array_shift($monkeys); }
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题目二:

有一母牛,到4岁可生育,每年一头,所生均是一样的母牛,到15岁绝育,不再能生,20岁死亡,问n年后有多少头牛。

function cows ($n) { $cows = [1]; for ($i = 1; $i <= $n; $i++) { // 新出生的牛 $new_number = 0; foreach ($cows as $age => $num) { // 4岁到14岁的牛生育新的母牛 if ($age >= 3 & & $age < = 13) { $new_number += $num; } } // 将新出生的牛加到数组开头 array_unshift($cows, $new_number); // 取出数组的前20个单元 $cows = array_slice($cows, 0, 20); } return array_sum($cows); }
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题目三:

冒泡排序

function bubble_sort ($array) { $array = array_values($array); for ($i = 0; $i < count($array); $i++) { for ($j = 0;$j < count($array) - $i - 1; $j++) { if ($array[$j] > $array[$j + 1]) { $temp = $array[$j + 1]; $array[$j + 1] = $array[$j]; $array[$j] = $temp; } } } return $array; }
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题目四:

快速排序

function quick_sort ($array) { if (count($array) < = 1) { return $array; } $left_array = []; $right_array = []; $key = array_shift($array); foreach ($array as $value) { if ($key > $value) { $left_array[] = $value; } else { $right_array[] = $value; } } return array_merge(quick_sort($left_array), [$key], quick_sort($right_array)); }
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题目五:

选择排序

function select_sort ($array) { $sort_array = []; while (count($array)) { $min = null; $min_key = null; foreach ($array as $key => $value) { if (is_null($min)) { $min = $value; $min_key = $key; } elseif ($min > $value) { $min = $value; $min_key = $key; } } $sort_array[] = $min; unset($array[$min_key]); } return $sort_array; }
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题目六:

字符集合:输入一个字符串,求出该字符串包含的字符集合,并按顺序排序

function unique_char ($str) { $arr = array_unique(str_split($str)); sort($arr); return implode('', $arr); }
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题目七:

遍历一个文件下的所有文件和子文件夹下的文件

function all_file ($dir) { if (is_dir($dir)) { $resource = opendir($dir); while ($file = readdir($resource)) { if (in_array($file, ['.', '..'])) { continue; } elseif (is_dir($dir . '/' . $file)) { all_file($dir . '/' . $file); } else { echo $dir . '/' . $file, "\n"; } } } else { echo $dir, "\n"; } }
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题目八:

有个人想上一个n级的台阶,每次只能迈1级或者迈2级台阶,问:这个人有多少种方法可以把台阶走完?例如:总共3级台阶,可以先迈1级再迈2级,或者先迈2级再迈1级,或者迈3次1级总共3中方式.(实际上是斐波那契数列)

function ladder($steps) { return $steps < 2 ? 1 : ladder($steps - 1) + ladder($steps - 2); }
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题目九:

遍历二叉树

class Node { public $value; public $left; public $right; } /** * 先序遍历 根节点 ---> 左子树 ---> 右子树 * * @param $root */ function preorder ($root) { echo $root->value; if (!empty($root->left)) { preorder($root->left); } if (!empty($root->right)) { preorder($root->right); } } /** * 中序遍历,左子树---> 根节点 ---> 右子树 * * @param $root */ function inorder ($root) { if (!empty($root->left)) { inorder($root->left); } echo $root->value; if (!empty($root->right)) { inorder($root->right); } } /** * 后序遍历,左子树 ---> 右子树 ---> 根节点 * * @param $root */ function tailorder ($root) { if (!empty($root->left)) { tailorder($root->left); } if (!empty($root->right)) { tailorder($root->right); } echo $root->value; } $d = new Node; $d->value = 'D'; $b = new Node; $b->value = 'B'; $b->left = $d; $e = new Node; $e->value = 'E'; $f = new Node; $f->value = 'F'; $c = new Node; $c->value = 'C'; $c->left = $e; $c->right = $f; $a = new Node; $a->value = 'A'; $a->left = $b; $a->right = $c; preorder($a); echo "\n"; inorder($a); echo "\n"; tailorder($a); echo "\n";
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原文链接:https://www.woozee.com.cn/article/35.html

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source:吴宇博客
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