Menggunakan C/C++ standard, apakah cara terbaik untuk menyemak sama ada fail wujud?

#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
   /* try to open file to read */
   FILE *file;
   if (file = fopen("a.txt", "r")) {
      fclose(file);
      printf("file exists");
   } else {
      printf("file doesn&#39;t exist");
   }
}

file exists

#include <fstream>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
   /* try to open file to read */
   ifstream ifile;
   ifile.open("b.txt");
   if(ifile) {
      cout<<"file exists";
   } else {
      cout<<"file doesn&#39;t exist";
   }
}

file doesn't exist