Senario perniagaan:
Beberapa perniagaan utama syarikat telah bebas dan diletakkan pada pelayan pangkalan data yang berbeza, tetapi satu perniagaan perlu dikaitkan dengan berbilang perpustakaan perniagaan untuk statistik pertanyaan bersama . Pada masa ini, adalah perlu untuk menyegerakkan data pangkalan data perniagaan yang berbeza kepada pangkalan data hamba untuk statistik. Menurut prinsip penyegerakan master-slave mysql, penyelesaian berbilang hamba dan satu master digunakan. Pustaka utama menggunakan enjin innodb, dan perpustakaan hamba menggunakan enjin myisam untuk membuka berbilang kejadian dan menyegerakkan data berbilang kejadian ke direktori yang sama, dan mengakses data kejadian lain dalam satu kejadian melalui jadual siram.
Penyelesaian:
1 Gunakan enjin innodb untuk pangkalan data utama dan tetapkan sql_mode kepada no_auto_create_user
2 berbilang perpustakaan induk Data di dalamnya disegerakkan ke direktori data yang sama melalui replikasi induk-hamba. Setiap contoh perpustakaan hamba sepadan dengan perpustakaan induk. Berbilang kejadian menggunakan direktori data yang sama.
3. Gunakan enjin myisam daripada pangkalan data dan matikan enjin innodb lalai daripada pangkalan data Enjin myisam boleh mengakses jadual kejadian lain dalam direktori data yang sama.
4. Setiap tika pustaka hamba perlu melaksanakan jadual siram untuk melihat perubahan data dalam jadual tika lain Anda boleh menetapkan jadual tugas crontab untuk memuat semula jadual pada tika pertama setiap minit supaya tika lalai disambungkan ke. program boleh melihat perubahan masa nyata.
5. Tetapkan sql_mode pustaka utama dan pustaka hamba kepada no_auto_create_user Hanya dengan cara ini SQL enjin innodb pustaka utama boleh disegerakkan ke pustaka hamba dan dilaksanakan dengan jayanya.
Rajah seni bina projek:
Penerangan alam sekitar:
Sarjana Perpustakaan-1: 192.168.1.1
Sarjana-2: 192.168.1.2
Hamba-3: 192.168.1.3
Hamba-3: 192.168.1.4
Hamba-3: 68
Langkah pelaksanaan: (langkah pemasangan mysql tidak diterangkan di sini)
1. Fail konfigurasi pangkalan data utama tidak boleh sama kecuali server-id sama.[root@masterdb01 ~]#cat /etc/my.cnf [client] port= 3306 socket= /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] port = 3306 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql character-set-server = utf8mb4 default-storage-engine = innodb socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-name-resolv = 1 open_files_limit = 65535 back_log = 103 max_connections = 512 max_connect_errors = 100000 table_open_cache = 2048 tmp-table-size = 32m max-heap-table-size = 32m #query-cache-type = 0 query-cache-size = 0 external-locking = false max_allowed_packet = 32m sort_buffer_size = 2m join_buffer_size = 2m thread_cache_size = 51 query_cache_size = 32m tmp_table_size = 96m max_heap_table_size = 96m query_cache_type=1 log-error=/data/logs/mysqld.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 0.1 # binary logging # server-id = 1 log-bin = /data/binlog/mysql-bin log-bin-index =/data/binlog/mysql-bin.index expire-logs-days = 14 sync_binlog = 1 binlog_cache_size = 4m max_binlog_cache_size = 8m max_binlog_size = 1024m log_slave_updates #binlog_format = row binlog_format = mixed //这里使用的混合模式复制 relay_log_recovery = 1 #不需要同步的表 replicate-wild-ignore-table=mydb.sp_counter #不需要同步的库 replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema,performance_schema key_buffer_size = 32m read_buffer_size = 1m read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64m myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128m myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10g myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover transaction_isolation = repeatable-read innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16m innodb_buffer_pool_size = 5734m innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024m:autoextend innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 32m innodb_log_file_size = 2g innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 innodb_io_capacity = 4000 innodb_io_capacity_max = 8000 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50 innodb_flush_method = o_direct innodb_file_format = barracuda innodb_file_format_max = barracuda innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10 innodb_rollback_on_timeout = 1 innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32m
[root@slavedb01 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf [client] port= 3306 socket= /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld_multi] # 指定相关命令的路径 mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin ##复制主库1的数据## [mysqld2] port = 3306 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql character-set-server = utf8mb4 #指定实例1的sock文件和pid文件 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid skip-name-resolv = 1 open_files_limit = 65535 back_log = 103 max_connections = 512 max_connect_errors = 100000 table_open_cache = 2048 tmp-table-size = 32m max-heap-table-size = 32m query-cache-size = 0 external-locking = false max_allowed_packet = 32m sort_buffer_size = 2m join_buffer_size = 2m thread_cache_size = 51 query_cache_size = 32m tmp_table_size = 96m max_heap_table_size = 96m query_cache_type=1 #指定第一个实例的错误日志和慢查询日志路径 log-error=/data/logs/mysqld.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 0.1 # binary logging# # 指定实例1的binlog和relaylog路径为/data/binlog目录 # 每个从库和每个实例的server_id不能一样。 server-id = 2 log-bin = /data/binlog/mysql-bin log-bin-index =/data/binlog/mysql-bin.index relay_log = /data/binlog/mysql-relay-bin relay_log_index = /data/binlog/mysql-relay.index master-info-file = /data/mysql/master.info relay_log_info_file = /data/mysql/relay-log.info read_only = 1 expire-logs-days = 14 sync_binlog = 1 #需要同步的库，如果不设置，默认同步所有库。 #replicate-do-db = xxx #不需要同步的表 replicate-wild-ignore-table=mydb.sp_counter #不需要同步的库 replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema,performance_schema binlog_cache_size = 4m max_binlog_cache_size = 8m max_binlog_size = 1024m log_slave_updates =1 #binlog_format = row binlog_format = mixed relay_log_recovery = 1 key_buffer_size = 32m read_buffer_size = 1m read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64m myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128m myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10g myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover #设置默认引擎为myisam，下面这些参数一定要加上。 default-storage-engine=myisam default-tmp-storage-engine=myisam #关闭innodb引擎 skip-innodb innodb = off disable-innodb #设置sql_mode模式为no_auto_create_user sql_mode = no_auto_create_user #关闭innodb引擎 loose-skip-innodb loose-innodb-trx=0 loose-innodb-locks=0 loose-innodb-lock-waits=0 loose-innodb-cmp=0 loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0 loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0 loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0 loose-innodb-cmpmem=0 loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0 loose-innodb-buffer-page=0 loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0 loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0 loose-innodb-metrics=0 loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0 loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0 loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0 loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0 loose-innodb-ft-config=0 loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0 loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0 loose-innodb-sys-tables=0 loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0 loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0 loose-innodb-sys-columns=0 loose-innodb-sys-fields=0 loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0 loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0 ##复制主库2的数据## [mysqld3] port = 3307 basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql character-set-server = utf8mb4 #指定实例2的sock文件和pid文件 socket = /tmp/mysql3.sock pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql3.pid skip-name-resolv = 1 open_files_limit = 65535 back_log = 103 max_connections = 512 max_connect_errors = 100000 table_open_cache = 2048 tmp-table-size = 32m max-heap-table-size = 32m query-cache-size = 0 external-locking = false max_allowed_packet = 32m sort_buffer_size = 2m join_buffer_size = 2m thread_cache_size = 51 query_cache_size = 32m tmp_table_size = 96m max_heap_table_size = 96m query_cache_type=1 log-error=/data/logs/mysqld3.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /data/logs/slow3.log long_query_time = 0.1 # binary logging # # 这里一定要注意，不能把两个实例的binlog和relaylog放到同一个目录， # 这里指定实例2的binlog日志为/data/binlog2目录 # 每个从库和每个实例的server_id不能一样。 server-id = 22 log-bin = /data/binlog2/mysql-bin log-bin-index =/data/binlog2/mysql-bin.index relay_log = /data/binlog2/mysql-relay-bin relay_log_index = /data/binlog2/mysql-relay.index master-info-file = /data/mysql/master3.info relay_log_info_file = /data/mysql/relay-log3.info read_only = 1 expire-logs-days = 14 sync_binlog = 1 #不需要复制的库 replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema,performance_schema binlog_cache_size = 4m max_binlog_cache_size = 8m max_binlog_size = 1024m log_slave_updates =1 #binlog_format = row binlog_format = mixed relay_log_recovery = 1 key_buffer_size = 32m read_buffer_size = 1m read_rnd_buffer_size = 16m bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64m myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128m myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10g myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover #设置默认引擎为myisam default-storage-engine=myisam default-tmp-storage-engine=myisam #关闭innodb引擎 skip-innodb innodb = off disable-innodb #设置sql_mode模式为no_auto_create_user sql_mode = no_auto_create_user #关闭innodb引擎，下面这些参数一定要加上。 loose-skip-innodb loose-innodb-trx=0 loose-innodb-locks=0 loose-innodb-lock-waits=0 loose-innodb-cmp=0 loose-innodb-cmp-per-index=0 loose-innodb-cmp-per-index-reset=0 loose-innodb-cmp-reset=0 loose-innodb-cmpmem=0 loose-innodb-cmpmem-reset=0 loose-innodb-buffer-page=0 loose-innodb-buffer-page-lru=0 loose-innodb-buffer-pool-stats=0 loose-innodb-metrics=0 loose-innodb-ft-default-stopword=0 loose-innodb-ft-inserted=0 loose-innodb-ft-deleted=0 loose-innodb-ft-being-deleted=0 loose-innodb-ft-config=0 loose-innodb-ft-index-cache=0 loose-innodb-ft-index-table=0 loose-innodb-sys-tables=0 loose-innodb-sys-tablestats=0 loose-innodb-sys-indexes=0 loose-innodb-sys-columns=0 loose-innodb-sys-fields=0 loose-innodb-sys-foreign=0 loose-innodb-sys-foreign-cols=0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32m ```
# cat /etc/init.d/mysqld
#other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an rpm upgrade action
# expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
# they are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
# of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.
#将上面默认的#other_args开启后改为
other_args="--sql-mode=no_auto_create_user"#主库 service mysqld start #开启从库的二个实例 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 2 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3
#需要授权三个从库的ip可以同步 mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'192.168.1.3' identified by 'rep123'; mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'192.168.1.4' identified by 'rep123'; mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to rep@'192.168.1.5' identified by 'rep123'; mysql> flush privileges;
#进入第一个实例执行 $ mysql -s /tmp/mysql.sock mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.1',master_user='rep',master_password='rep123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=112; #进入第二个实例执行 $ mysql -s /tmp/mysql3.sock mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.2',master_user='rep',master_password='rep123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=112;
# crontab -l */1 * * * * mysql -s /tmp/mysql.sock -e 'flush tables;'
Perangkap berbilang tuan dan satu hamba mysql5.6
1. Enjin lalai mysql5.6 ialah innodb apabila menyegerak secara lalai, anda mesti mematikan parameter no_engine_substitution dalam mod sql_mode induk dan hamba. Jika anda tidak mematikan penyegerakan innodb ke sql pada pangkalan data hamba, enjin innodb tidak akan ditemui dan penyegerakan akan gagal. 2 Apabila anda membuka berbilang kejadian mysql5.6, fail konfigurasi my.cnf akan dijana dalam direktori pemasangan pangkalan data anda (/usr/local/mysql/) apabila anda memulakannya untuk yang pertama. masa. Secara lalai, ia akan diutamakan Baca fail konfigurasi dalam direktori pemasangan pangkalan data. Akibatnya, beberapa keadaan tidak berkuat kuasa.Atas ialah kandungan terperinci Bagaimana untuk mengkonfigurasi berbilang tuan Mysql dan satu hamba dalam Centos7. Untuk maklumat lanjut, sila ikut artikel berkaitan lain di laman web China PHP!
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