Analisis ringkas operasi bit (pengendali bitwise) di Golang

&   bitwise AND
 |   bitwise OR
 ^   bitwise XOR
&^   AND NOT
<<   left shift
>>   right shift

Given operands a, b
AND(a, b) = 1; only if a = b = 1
               else = 0

func main() {
    var x uint8 = 0xAC    // x = 10101100
    x = x & 0xF0          // x = 10100000
}

func main() {
    var x uint8 = 0xAC    // x = 10101100
    x &= 0xF0             // x = 10100000
}

import (
    "fmt"
    "math/rand"
)
func main() {
    for x := 0; x < 100; x++ {
        num := rand.Int()
        if num&1 == 1 {
            fmt.Printf("%d is odd\n", num)
        } else {
            fmt.Printf("%d is even\n", num)
        }
    }
}

Given operands a, b
OR(a, b) = 1; when a = 1 or b = 1
              else = 0

func main() {
    var a uint8 = 0
    a |= 196
    fmt.Printf("%b", a)
}

// 打印结果  11000100
            ^^   ^

func main() {
    var a uint8 = 0
    a |= 196
    a |= 3
    fmt.Printf("%b", a)
}

// 打印结果 11000111

const (
    UPPER  = 1 // 大写字符串
    LOWER  = 2 // 小写字符串
    CAP    = 4 // 字符串单词首字母大写
    REV    = 8 // 反转字符串
)

func main() {
    fmt.Println(procstr("HELLO PEOPLE!", LOWER|REV|CAP))
}

func procstr(str string, conf byte) string {
    // 反转字符串
    rev := func(s string) string {
        runes := []rune(s)
        n := len(runes)
        for i := 0; i < n/2; i++ {
            runes[i], runes[n-1-i] = runes[n-1-i], runes[i]
        }
        return string(runes)
    }

    // 查询配置中的位操作
    if (conf & UPPER) != 0 {
        str = strings.ToUpper(str)
    }
    if (conf & LOWER) != 0 {
        str = strings.ToLower(str)
    }
    if (conf & CAP) != 0 {
        str = strings.Title(str)
    }
    if (conf & REV) != 0 {
        str = rev(str)
    }
    return str
}

Given operands a, b
XOR(a, b) = 1; only if a != b
     else = 0

func main() {
    var a uint16 = 0xCEFF
    a ^= 0xFF00 // same a = a ^ 0xFF00
}

// a = 0xCEFF   (11001110 11111111)
// a ^=0xFF00   (00110001 11111111)

func main() {
    a, b := -12, 25
    fmt.Println("a and b have same sign?", (a ^ b) >= 0)
}

func main() {
    var a byte = 0x0F
    fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a)
    fmt.Printf("%08b\n", ^a)
}

// 打印结果
00001111     // var a
11110000     // ^a

Given operands a, b
AND_NOT(a, b) = AND(a, NOT(b))

AND_NOT(a, 1) = 0; clears a
AND_NOT(a, 0) = a;

func main() {
    var a byte = 0xAB
     fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a)
     a &^= 0x0F
     fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a)
}

// 打印：
10101011
10100000

Given integer operands a and n,
a << n; shifts all bits in a to the left n times
a >> n; shifts all bits in a to the right n times

func main() {
    var a int8 = 3
    fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a)
    fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a<<1)
    fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a<<2)
    fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a<<3)
}

// 输出的结果:
00000011
00000110
00001100
00011000

func main() {
 var a uint8 = 120
 fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a)
 fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a>>1)
 fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a>>2)
}

// 打印：
01111000
00111100
00011110

func main() {
    a := 200
    fmt.Printf("%d\n", a>>1)
}

// 打印：
100

func main() {
    a := 12
    fmt.Printf("%d\n", a<<2)
}
// 打印：

48

func main() {
    var a int8 = 8
    fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a)
    a = a | (1<<2)
    fmt.Printf("%08b\n", a)
}
// prints:
00001000
00001100

func main() {
    var a int8 = 12
    if a&(1<<2) != 0 {
        fmt.Println("take action")
    }
}

// 打印:
take action

func main() {
    var a int8 = 13 
    fmt.Printf("%04b\n", a)
    a = a &^ (1 << 2)
    fmt.Printf("%04b\n", a)
}

// 打印:
1101
1001