Satu artikel untuk mengetahui tentang pustaka cache freecache di Golang

func main() {
   cacheSize := 100 * 1024 * 1024
   cache := freecache.NewCache(cacheSize)

   for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
      str := strconv.Itoa(i)
      _ = cache.Set([]byte(str), []byte(str), 1)
   }

   now := time.Now()
   runtime.GC()
   fmt.Printf("freecache, GC took: %s\n", time.Since(now))
   _, _ = cache.Get([]byte("aa"))

   now = time.Now()
   for i := 0; i < N; i++ {
      str := strconv.Itoa(i)
      _, _ = cache.Get([]byte(str))
   }
   fmt.Printf("freecache, Get took: %s\n\n", time.Since(now))
}

type segment struct {
   rb            RingBuf // ring buffer that stores data
   segId         int
   _             uint32  // 占位
   missCount     int64
   hitCount      int64
   entryCount    int64
   totalCount    int64      // number of entries in ring buffer, including deleted entries.
   totalTime     int64      // used to calculate least recent used entry.
   timer         Timer      // Timer giving current time
   totalEvacuate int64      // used for debug
   totalExpired  int64      // used for debug
   overwrites    int64      // used for debug
   touched       int64      // used for debug
   vacuumLen     int64      // up to vacuumLen, new data can be written without overwriting old data.
   slotLens      [256]int32 // The actual length for every slot.
   slotCap       int32      // max number of entry pointers a slot can hold.
   slotsData     []entryPtr // 索引指针
}

func NewCacheCustomTimer(size int, timer Timer) (cache *Cache) {
    cache = new(Cache)
    for i := 0; i < segmentCount; i++ {
        cache.segments[i] = newSegment(size/segmentCount, i, timer)
    }
}
func newSegment(bufSize int, segId int, timer Timer) (seg segment) {
    seg.rb = NewRingBuf(bufSize, 0)
    seg.segId = segId
    seg.timer = timer
    seg.vacuumLen = int64(bufSize)
    seg.slotCap = 1
    seg.slotsData = make([]entryPtr, 256*seg.slotCap) // 每个slotData初始化256个单位大小
}

_ = cache.Set([]byte(str), []byte(str), 1)

func (cache *Cache) Set(key, value []byte, expireSeconds int) (err error) {
   hashVal := hashFunc(key)
   segID := hashVal & segmentAndOpVal // 低8位
   cache.locks[segID].Lock() // 加锁
   err = cache.segments[segID].set(key, value, hashVal, expireSeconds)
   cache.locks[segID].Unlock()
}

func (seg *segment) set(key, value []byte, hashVal uint64, expireSeconds int) (err error) {
   slotId := uint8(hashVal >> 8)
   hash16 := uint16(hashVal >> 16)
   slot := seg.getSlot(slotId)
   idx, match := seg.lookup(slot, hash16, key)

   var hdrBuf [ENTRY_HDR_SIZE]byte
   hdr := (*entryHdr)(unsafe.Pointer(&hdrBuf[0]))
   if match { // 有数据更新操作
      matchedPtr := &slot[idx]
      seg.rb.ReadAt(hdrBuf[:], matchedPtr.offset)
      hdr.slotId = slotId
      hdr.hash16 = hash16
      hdr.keyLen = uint16(len(key))
      originAccessTime := hdr.accessTime
      hdr.accessTime = now
      hdr.expireAt = expireAt
      hdr.valLen = uint32(len(value))
      if hdr.valCap >= hdr.valLen {
         // 已存在数据value空间能存下此次value大小
         atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalTime, int64(hdr.accessTime)-int64(originAccessTime))
         seg.rb.WriteAt(hdrBuf[:], matchedPtr.offset)
         seg.rb.WriteAt(value, matchedPtr.offset+ENTRY_HDR_SIZE+int64(hdr.keyLen))
         atomic.AddInt64(&seg.overwrites, 1)
         return
      }
      // 删除对应entryPtr，涉及到slotsData内存copy，ringbug中只是标记删除
      seg.delEntryPtr(slotId, slot, idx)
      match = false
      // increase capacity and limit entry len.
      for hdr.valCap < hdr.valLen {
         hdr.valCap *= 2
      }
      if hdr.valCap > uint32(maxKeyValLen-len(key)) {
         hdr.valCap = uint32(maxKeyValLen - len(key))
      }
   } else { // 无数据
      hdr.slotId = slotId
      hdr.hash16 = hash16
      hdr.keyLen = uint16(len(key))
      hdr.accessTime = now
      hdr.expireAt = expireAt
      hdr.valLen = uint32(len(value))
      hdr.valCap = uint32(len(value))
      if hdr.valCap == 0 { // avoid infinite loop when increasing capacity.
         hdr.valCap = 1
      }
   }
   
   // 数据实际长度为 ENTRY_HDR_SIZE=24 + key和value的长度    
   entryLen := ENTRY_HDR_SIZE + int64(len(key)) + int64(hdr.valCap)
   slotModified := seg.evacuate(entryLen, slotId, now)
   if slotModified {
      // the slot has been modified during evacuation, we need to looked up for the &#39;idx&#39; again.
      // otherwise there would be index out of bound error.
      slot = seg.getSlot(slotId)
      idx, match = seg.lookup(slot, hash16, key)
      // assert(match == false)
   }
   newOff := seg.rb.End()
   seg.insertEntryPtr(slotId, hash16, newOff, idx, hdr.keyLen)
   seg.rb.Write(hdrBuf[:])
   seg.rb.Write(key)
   seg.rb.Write(value)
   seg.rb.Skip(int64(hdr.valCap - hdr.valLen))
   atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalTime, int64(now))
   atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalCount, 1)
   seg.vacuumLen -= entryLen
   return
}

func (seg *segment) evacuate(entryLen int64, slotId uint8, now uint32) (slotModified bool) {
   var oldHdrBuf [ENTRY_HDR_SIZE]byte
   consecutiveEvacuate := 0
   for seg.vacuumLen < entryLen {
      oldOff := seg.rb.End() + seg.vacuumLen - seg.rb.Size()
      seg.rb.ReadAt(oldHdrBuf[:], oldOff)
      oldHdr := (*entryHdr)(unsafe.Pointer(&oldHdrBuf[0]))
      oldEntryLen := ENTRY_HDR_SIZE + int64(oldHdr.keyLen) + int64(oldHdr.valCap)
      if oldHdr.deleted { // 已删除
         consecutiveEvacuate = 0
         atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalTime, -int64(oldHdr.accessTime))
         atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalCount, -1)
         seg.vacuumLen += oldEntryLen
         continue
      }
      expired := oldHdr.expireAt != 0 && oldHdr.expireAt < now
      leastRecentUsed := int64(oldHdr.accessTime)*atomic.LoadInt64(&seg.totalCount) <= atomic.LoadInt64(&seg.totalTime)
      if expired || leastRecentUsed || consecutiveEvacuate > 5 {
      // 可以回收
         seg.delEntryPtrByOffset(oldHdr.slotId, oldHdr.hash16, oldOff)
         if oldHdr.slotId == slotId {
            slotModified = true
         }
         consecutiveEvacuate = 0
         atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalTime, -int64(oldHdr.accessTime))
         atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalCount, -1)
         seg.vacuumLen += oldEntryLen
         if expired {
            atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalExpired, 1)
         } else {
            atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalEvacuate, 1)
         }
      } else {
         // evacuate an old entry that has been accessed recently for better cache hit rate.
         newOff := seg.rb.Evacuate(oldOff, int(oldEntryLen))
         seg.updateEntryPtr(oldHdr.slotId, oldHdr.hash16, oldOff, newOff)
         consecutiveEvacuate++
         atomic.AddInt64(&seg.totalEvacuate, 1)
      }
   }
}

func (cache *Cache) Get(key []byte) (value []byte, err error) {
   hashVal := hashFunc(key)
   segID := hashVal & segmentAndOpVal
   cache.locks[segID].Lock()
   value, _, err = cache.segments[segID].get(key, nil, hashVal, false)
   cache.locks[segID].Unlock()
   return
}
func (seg *segment) get(key, buf []byte, hashVal uint64, peek bool) (value []byte, expireAt uint32, err error) {
   hdr, ptr, err := seg.locate(key, hashVal, peek) // hash+定位查找
   if err != nil {
      return
   }
   expireAt = hdr.expireAt
   if cap(buf) >= int(hdr.valLen) {
      value = buf[:hdr.valLen]
   } else {
      value = make([]byte, hdr.valLen)
   }

   seg.rb.ReadAt(value, ptr.offset+ENTRY_HDR_SIZE+int64(hdr.keyLen))
}