Python中lambda表达式的简单介绍（附示例）

def
    if --else
    for
    map reduce filter
    lambda

from functools import reduce
# ----------------------------------------------------------------#
#   匿名函数的定义
# ----------------------------------------------------------------#


def add(x, y):
    """
    add x and y
    :param x: x can be str or num
    :param y: y can be str or num
    :return:  x+y
    """
    return x + y


# lambda parameter_list: expression
user_sum = lambda arg1, arg2: arg1 + arg2

my_sum = user_sum(2, 2)
print(my_sum)

# ----------------------------------------------------------------#
#   三元表达式
# ----------------------------------------------------------------#
a, b = 1, 2
r = a if a > b else b
print(r)

# ----------------------------------------------------------------#
#   map(func, list)，对后面输入的list分别执行前面的函数（数学的映射）
# ----------------------------------------------------------------#

myListMap1 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
myNewListMap1 = map(lambda x: x ** 2, myListMap1)  # 返回为map类型的数据结构
print(type(myNewListMap1))
print('myNewListMap1:', list(myNewListMap1))    # 转换为list


# 两个或者多个参数的map函数的使用
# 当两个参数种元素的个数不相同的时候会截断
myListMap2 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
myNewListMap2 = map(lambda x, y: x + y, myListMap1, myListMap2)
print('myNewListMap2:', list(myNewListMap2))


# ----------------------------------------------------------------#
#   reduce(func, list)连续计算，连续调用lambda表达式
# ----------------------------------------------------------------#

myListReduce = [1, 2, 3, 4]
# 把list中的值一个一个放进lambda中
r = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, myListReduce)
print(r)

# 对第一个函数参数进行初始化
r = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, myListReduce, 10)
print(r)

# filter
myListFilter = [3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
myNewListFilter = filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 1, myListFilter)
print('myNewListFilter：', list(myNewListFilter))

list_x = [1, 1, 0, 0]
filter_list = filter(lambda x: True if x == 1 else False, list_x)
print(list(filter_list))