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关于ajax跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法的讲解

jacklove

Lepaskan： 2018-06-08 17:58:40

asal

2084 orang telah melayarinya

ajax跨域访问，可以使用jsonp方法或设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现，关于设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现跨域访问可以参考之前我写的文章《ajax 设置Access-Control-Allow-Origin实现跨域访问》

1.ajax跨域访问,cookie丢失

首先创建两个测试域名
a.fdipzone.com 作为客户端域名
b.fdipzone.com 作为服务端域名

测试代码

setcookie.php 用于设置服务端cookie

<?phpsetcookie(&#39;data&#39;, time(), time()+3600);?>

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server.php 用于被客户端请求

<?php$name = isset($_POST[&#39;name&#39;])? $_POST[&#39;name&#39;] : &#39;&#39;;$ret = array(    &#39;success&#39; => true,    &#39;name&#39; => $name,    &#39;cookie&#39; => isset($_COOKIE[&#39;data&#39;])? $_COOKIE[&#39;data&#39;] : &#39;&#39;);// 指定允许其他域名访问header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com&#39;);// 响应类型header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST&#39;);  

// 响应头设置header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type&#39;);

header(&#39;content-type:application/json&#39;);echo json_encode($ret);?>

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test.html 客户端请求页面

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html>
 <head>
  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
  <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
  <title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title>
 </head>

 <body>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){

        $.ajax({
            url: &#39;http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php&#39;, // 跨域
            dataType: &#39;json&#39;,
            type: &#39;post&#39;,
            data: {&#39;name&#39;:&#39;fdipzone&#39;},
            success:function(ret){
                if(ret[&#39;success&#39;]==true){
                    alert(&#39;cookie:&#39; + ret[&#39;cookie&#39;]);
                }
            }
        });

    })    </script>

 </body></html>

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首先先执行http://b.fdipzone.com/setcookie.php, 创建服务端cookie。
然后执行http://a.fdipzone.com/test.html

输出

{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":""}

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获取cookie失败。

2.解决方法

客户端
请求时将withCredentials属性设置为true
使可以指定某个请求应该发送凭据。如果服务器接收带凭据的请求，会用下面的HTTP头部来响应。

服务端
设置header

header("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true");

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允许请求带有验证信息
test.html 修改如下

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html>
 <head>
  <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
  <script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
  <title> ajax 跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法 </title>
 </head>

 <body>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){

        $.ajax({
            url: &#39;http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php&#39;, // 跨域
            xhrFields:{withCredentials: true}, // 发送凭据
            dataType: &#39;json&#39;,
            type: &#39;post&#39;,
            data: {&#39;name&#39;:&#39;fdipzone&#39;},
            success:function(ret){
                if(ret[&#39;success&#39;]==true){
                    alert(&#39;cookie:&#39; + ret[&#39;cookie&#39;]);
                }
            }
        });

    })    </script>

 </body></html>

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server.php 修改如下

<?php$name = isset($_POST[&#39;name&#39;])? $_POST[&#39;name&#39;] : &#39;&#39;;$ret = array(    &#39;success&#39; => true,    &#39;name&#39; => $name,    &#39;cookie&#39; => isset($_COOKIE[&#39;data&#39;])? $_COOKIE[&#39;data&#39;] : &#39;&#39;);// 指定允许其他域名访问header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://a.fdipzone.com&#39;);// 响应类型header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Methods:POST&#39;);  

// 响应头设置header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Headers:x-requested-with,content-type&#39;);// 是否允许请求带有验证信息header(&#39;Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true&#39;);

header(&#39;content-type:application/json&#39;);echo json_encode($ret);?>

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按之前步骤执行，请求返回

{"success":true,"name":"fdipzone","cookie":"1484558863"}

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获取cookie成功

3.注意事项

1.如果客户端设置了withCredentials属性设置为true，而服务端没有设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true，请求时会返回错误。

XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php. Credentials flag is &#39;true&#39;, but the &#39;Access-Control-Allow-Credentials&#39; header is &#39;&#39;. It must be &#39;true&#39; to allow credentials. Origin &#39;http://a.fdipzone.com&#39; is therefore not allowed access.

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2.服务端header设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true后，Access-Control-Allow-Origin不可以设为*，必须设置为一个域名，否则回返回错误。

XMLHttpRequest cannot load http://b.fdipzone.com/server.php. A wildcard &#39;*&#39; cannot be used in the &#39;Access-Control-Allow-Origin&#39; header when the credentials flag is true. Origin &#39;http://a.fdipzone.com&#39; is therefore not allowed access. The credentials mode of an XMLHttpRequest is controlled by the withCredentials attribute.

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本篇文章讲解了ajax跨域访问cookie丢失的解决方法，更多相关内容请关注php中文网。