使用Python导出Excel图表以及导出为图片的方法-Tutorial Python-php.cn

这篇文章主要介绍了使用Python导出Excel图表以及导出为图片的方法,Python相关模块在Windows下操作office非常方便,需要的朋友可以参考下

本篇讲下如何使用纯python代码将excel 中的图表导出为图片。这里需要使用的模块有win32com、pythoncom模块。

网上经查询有人已经写好的模块pyxlchart，具体代码如下：

from win32com.client import Dispatch
import os
import pythoncom
class Pyxlchart(object):
 """
 This class exports charts in an Excel Spreadsheet to the FileSystem
 win32com libraries are required.
 """
 def __init__(self):
  pythoncom.CoInitialize()
  self.WorkbookDirectory = &#39;&#39;
  self.WorkbookFilename = &#39;&#39;
  self.GetAllWorkbooks = False
  self.SheetName = &#39;&#39;
  self.ChartName = &#39;&#39;
  self.GetAllWorkbookCharts = False
  self.GetAllWorksheetCharts = False
  self.ExportPath = &#39;&#39;
  self.ImageFilename = &#39;&#39;
  self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar = &#39;_&#39;
  self.ImageType = &#39;jpg&#39;
 def __del__(self):
  pass
 def start_export(self):
  if self.WorkbookDirectory == &#39;&#39;:
   return "WorkbookDirectory not set"
  else:
   self._export()
 def _export(self):
  """
  Exports Charts as determined by the settings in class variabels.
  """
  excel = Dispatch("excel.application")
  excel.Visible = False
  wb = excel.Workbooks.Open(os.path.join(self.WorkbookDirectory ,self.WorkbookFilename))
  self._get_Charts_In_Worksheet(wb,self.SheetName,self.ChartName)
  wb.Close(False)
  excel.Quit()
 def _get_Charts_In_Worksheet(self,wb,worksheet = "", chartname = ""):
  if worksheet != "" and chartname != "":
   sht = self._change_sheet(wb,worksheet)
   cht = sht.ChartObjects(chartname)
   self._save_chart(cht)
   return
  if worksheet == "":
   for sht in wb.Worksheets:
    for cht in sht.ChartObjects():
     if chartname == "":
      self._save_chart(cht)
     else:
      if chartname == cht.Name:
       self._save_chart(cht)
  else:
   sht = wb.Worksheets(worksheet)
   for cht in sht.ChartObjects():
    if chartname == "":
     self._save_chart(cht)
    else:
     if chartname == cht.Name:
      self._save_chart(cht)
 def _change_sheet(self,wb,worksheet):
  try:
   return wb.Worksheets(worksheet)
  except:
   raise NameError(&#39;Unable to Select Sheet: &#39; + worksheet + &#39; in Workbook: &#39; + wb.Name)
 def _save_chart(self,chartObject):
  imagename = self._get_filename(chartObject.Name)
  savepath = os.path.join(self.ExportPath,imagename)
  print savepath
  chartObject.Chart.Export(savepath,self.ImageType)
 def _get_filename(self,chartname):
  """
  Replaces white space in self.WorkbookFileName with the value given in self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar
  If self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar is an empty string then self.WorkBookFileName is left as is
  """
  if self.ImageFilename == &#39;&#39;:
   self.ImageFilename == chartname
  if self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar != &#39;&#39;:
   chartname.replace(&#39; &#39;,self.ReplaceWhiteSpaceChar)
  if self.ImageFilename != "":
   return self.ImageFilename + "_" + chartname + "." + self.ImageType
  else:
   return chartname + &#39;.&#39; + self.ImageType
if __name__ == "__main__":
 xl = Pyxlchart()
 xl.WorkbookDirectory = "\\\\maawtns01\\discipline\\procurement\\MATERIEL\\Raw Material\\Data Management\\Hawk"
 xl.WorkbookFilename = "Hawk Workability KPI.xlsm"
 xl.SheetName = ""
 xl.ImageFilename = "MyChart1"
 xl.ExportPath = "d:\\pycharts"
 xl.ChartName = ""
 xl.start_export()
 print "This file does not currently allow direct access"
 print "Please import PyXLChart and run start_export()"

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这里还使用Excel vba将chart另存为图片篇中创建的chart_column.xlsx表，使用上面的模块的方法如下：

from pyxlchart import Pyxlchart
xl = Pyxlchart()
xl.WorkbookDirectory = "D:\\"
xl.WorkbookFilename = "chart_column.xlsx"
xl.SheetName = ""
#xl.ImageFilename = "MyChart1"
xl.ExportPath = "d:\\"
xl.ChartName = ""
xl.start_export()

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由于有该表里有多张图表，所以上面未指定xl.ImageFilename ，使用示例如下：

2015117153059052.png (334×82)

Excel vba将chart另存为图片
python下使用xlswriter模块，可以轻松在excel 中创建图片，不过想实现将生成的chart图表导出为图片，在email 中导入图片的目标。经网上查询未找到通过python代码将excel 中已经生成的图片导出为图片的方法，不过通过变通方法，使用excel 内的vba 宏却可以轻松将图片导出。

1、导出单张图片

python 创建chart图片代码：

#coding: utf-8
import xlsxwriter
import random
def get_num():
 return random.randrange(0, 201, 2)
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(&#39;analyse_spider.xlsx&#39;) #创建一个Excel文件
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet() #创建一个工作表对象
chart = workbook.add_chart({&#39;type&#39;: &#39;column&#39;}) #创建一个图表对象
#定义数据表头列表
title = [u&#39;业务名称&#39;,u&#39;星期一&#39;,u&#39;星期二&#39;,u&#39;星期三&#39;,u&#39;星期四&#39;,u&#39;星期五&#39;,u&#39;星期六&#39;,u&#39;星期日&#39;,u&#39;平均流量&#39;]
buname= [u&#39;运维之路&#39;,u&#39;就要IT&#39;,u&#39;baidu.com&#39;,u&#39;361way.com&#39;,u&#39;91it.org&#39;] #定义频道名称
#定义5频道一周7天流量数据列表
data = []
for i in range(5):
 tmp = []
 for j in range(7):
  tmp.append(get_num())
 data.append(tmp)
format=workbook.add_format() #定义format格式对象
format.set_border(1) #定义format对象单元格边框加粗(1像素)的格式
format_title=workbook.add_format() #定义format_title格式对象
format_title.set_border(1) #定义format_title对象单元格边框加粗(1像素)的格式
format_title.set_bg_color(&#39;#cccccc&#39;) #定义format_title对象单元格背景颜色为
          #&#39;#cccccc&#39;的格式
format_title.set_align(&#39;center&#39;) #定义format_title对象单元格居中对齐的格式
format_title.set_bold() #定义format_title对象单元格内容加粗的格式
format_ave=workbook.add_format() #定义format_ave格式对象
format_ave.set_border(1) #定义format_ave对象单元格边框加粗(1像素)的格式
format_ave.set_num_format(&#39;0.00&#39;) #定义format_ave对象单元格数字类别显示格式
#下面分别以行或列写入方式将标题、业务名称、流量数据写入起初单元格，同时引用不同格式对象
worksheet.write_row(&#39;A1&#39;,title,format_title)
worksheet.write_column(&#39;A2&#39;, buname,format)
worksheet.write_row(&#39;B2&#39;, data[0],format)
worksheet.write_row(&#39;B3&#39;, data[1],format)
worksheet.write_row(&#39;B4&#39;, data[2],format)
worksheet.write_row(&#39;B5&#39;, data[3],format)
worksheet.write_row(&#39;B6&#39;, data[4],format)
#定义图表数据系列函数
def chart_series(cur_row):
 worksheet.write_formula(&#39;I&#39;+cur_row, \
  &#39;=AVERAGE(B&#39;+cur_row+&#39;:H&#39;+cur_row+&#39;)&#39;,format_ave) #计算（AVERAGE函数）频
               #道周平均流量
 chart.add_series({
  &#39;categories&#39;: &#39;=Sheet1!$B$1:$H$1&#39;, #将“星期一至星期日”作为图表数据标签(X轴)
  &#39;values&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$B$&#39;+cur_row+&#39;:$H$&#39;+cur_row, #频道一周所有数据作
                #为数据区域
  &#39;line&#39;:  {&#39;color&#39;: &#39;black&#39;}, #线条颜色定义为black(黑色)
  &#39;name&#39;: &#39;=Sheet1!$A$&#39;+cur_row, #引用业务名称为图例项
 })
for row in range(2, 7): #数据域以第2～6行进行图表数据系列函数调用
 chart_series(str(row))
chart.set_size({&#39;width&#39;: 577, &#39;height&#39;: 287}) #设置图表大小
chart.set_title ({&#39;name&#39;: u&#39;爬虫分析&#39;}) #设置图表（上方）大标题
chart.set_y_axis({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;count&#39;}) #设置y轴（左侧）小标题
worksheet.insert_chart(&#39;A8&#39;, chart) #在A8单元格插入图表
workbook.close() #关闭Excel文档

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2015117153408935.png (702×414)

由于这里只有一张图片，通过vba 代码很容易生成图片。方法为，打开该excel 图表，通过alt + F11 快捷键打开宏编辑界面；打开VB编辑器的立即窗口：”视图“-”立即窗口“，或者使用快捷键"Ctrl + G" ，接着输入如下代码

activesheet.ChartObjects(1).Chart.Export "C:\chart.png"

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按 " Enter " 键后，会在C盘生成上面的生成的chart图表。

二、导出多张图表

python代码如下：

#coding: utf-8
import xlsxwriter
workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(&#39;chart_column.xlsx&#39;)
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
bold = workbook.add_format({&#39;bold&#39;: 1})
# 这是个数据table的列
headings = [&#39;Number&#39;, &#39;Batch 1&#39;, &#39;Batch 2&#39;]
data = [
 [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7],
 [10, 40, 50, 20, 10, 50],
 [30, 60, 70, 50, 40, 30],
]
worksheet.write_row(&#39;A1&#39;, headings, bold)
worksheet.write_column(&#39;A2&#39;, data[0])
worksheet.write_column(&#39;B2&#39;, data[1])
worksheet.write_column(&#39;C2&#39;, data[2])
############################################
#创建一个图表，类型是column
chart1 = workbook.add_chart({&#39;type&#39;: &#39;column&#39;})
# 配置series,这个和前面wordsheet是有关系的。
chart1.add_series({
 &#39;name&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$B$1&#39;,
 &#39;categories&#39;: &#39;=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7&#39;,
 &#39;values&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$B$2:$B$7&#39;,
})
# Configure a second series. Note use of alternative syntax to define ranges.
chart1.add_series({
 &#39;name&#39;:  [&#39;Sheet1&#39;, 0, 2],
 &#39;categories&#39;: [&#39;Sheet1&#39;, 1, 0, 6, 0],
 &#39;values&#39;:  [&#39;Sheet1&#39;, 1, 2, 6, 2],
})
# Add a chart title and some axis labels.
chart1.set_title ({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Results of sample analysis&#39;})
chart1.set_x_axis({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Test number&#39;})
chart1.set_y_axis({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Sample length (mm)&#39;})
# Set an Excel chart style.
chart1.set_style(11)
# Insert the chart into the worksheet (with an offset).
worksheet.insert_chart(&#39;D2&#39;, chart1, {&#39;x_offset&#39;: 25, &#39;y_offset&#39;: 10})
#######################################################################
#
# Create a stacked chart sub-type.
#
chart2 = workbook.add_chart({&#39;type&#39;: &#39;column&#39;, &#39;subtype&#39;: &#39;stacked&#39;})
# Configure the first series.
chart2.add_series({
 &#39;name&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$B$1&#39;,
 &#39;categories&#39;: &#39;=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7&#39;,
 &#39;values&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$B$2:$B$7&#39;,
})
# Configure second series.
chart2.add_series({
 &#39;name&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$C$1&#39;,
 &#39;categories&#39;: &#39;=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7&#39;,
 &#39;values&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$C$2:$C$7&#39;,
})
# Add a chart title and some axis labels.
chart2.set_title ({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Stacked Chart&#39;})
chart2.set_x_axis({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Test number&#39;})
chart2.set_y_axis({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Sample length (mm)&#39;})
# Set an Excel chart style.
chart2.set_style(12)
# Insert the chart into the worksheet (with an offset).
worksheet.insert_chart(&#39;D18&#39;, chart2, {&#39;x_offset&#39;: 25, &#39;y_offset&#39;: 10})
#######################################################################
#
# Create a percentage stacked chart sub-type.
#
chart3 = workbook.add_chart({&#39;type&#39;: &#39;column&#39;, &#39;subtype&#39;: &#39;percent_stacked&#39;})
# Configure the first series.
chart3.add_series({
 &#39;name&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$B$1&#39;,
 &#39;categories&#39;: &#39;=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7&#39;,
 &#39;values&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$B$2:$B$7&#39;,
})
# Configure second series.
chart3.add_series({
 &#39;name&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$C$1&#39;,
 &#39;categories&#39;: &#39;=Sheet1!$A$2:$A$7&#39;,
 &#39;values&#39;:  &#39;=Sheet1!$C$2:$C$7&#39;,
})
# Add a chart title and some axis labels.
chart3.set_title ({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Percent Stacked Chart&#39;})
chart3.set_x_axis({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Test number&#39;})
chart3.set_y_axis({&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Sample length (mm)&#39;})
# Set an Excel chart style.
chart3.set_style(13)
# Insert the chart into the worksheet (with an offset).
worksheet.insert_chart(&#39;D34&#39;, chart3, {&#39;x_offset&#39;: 25, &#39;y_offset&#39;: 10})
workbook.close()

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同一数据源上面创建了三种类型的图，由于有三张图，上面的导出一张图的方法肯定是不行了，这里打开宏，创建如下宏内容：

Sub exportimg()
Dim XlsChart As ChartObject
For Each XlsChart In Worksheets("Sheet1").ChartObjects
 XlsChart.Chart.Export Filename:="C:\" & XlsChart.Name & ".jpg", FilterName:="JPG"
Next
End Sub

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该示例这里就不再截图，具体可以自行运行。