详解Nodejs基于LRU算法实现的缓存处理操作方法

function CacheLRU(capacity) {
/* 利用Buffer写的一个LRU缓存，capacity为缓存容量，为0时不限容量。
myCache = new CacheLRU(capacity); //构造缓存
myCache.get(key); //读取名为key的缓存值
myCache.put(key, value); //写入名为key的缓存值
myCache.remove(key); //删除名为key的缓存值
myCache.removeAll(); //清空缓存
myCache.info(); //返回myCache缓存信息
LRU原理：对所有缓存数据的key构建hash链表，当对某一数据进行get或put操作时，将其key提到链表前端（最新）。当进行put数据超出容量时，删除链表尾端（最旧）的缓存数据。
hash链表操作可直接定位key，无需历遍整个hash对象，故读写极快。缓存容量不再影响读写速度。
*/
  this.capacity = capacity || Number.MAX_VALUE;
  this.data = {};
  this.hash = {};
  this.linkedList = {
    length: 0,
    head: null,
    end: null
  }
  if (capacity <= 0) this.capacity = Number.MAX_VALUE;
};
CacheLRU.prototype.get = function(key) {
  key = &#39;_&#39; + key;
  var lruEntry = this.hash[key];
  if (!lruEntry) return;
  refresh(this.linkedList, lruEntry);
  return JSON.parse(this.data[key].toString());
};
CacheLRU.prototype.put = function(key, value) {
  key = &#39;_&#39; + key;
  var lruEntry = this.hash[key];
  if (value === undefined) return this;
  if (!lruEntry) {
    this.hash[key] = {key: key};
    this.linkedList.length += 1;
    lruEntry = this.hash[key];
  }
  refresh(this.linkedList, lruEntry);
  this.data[key] = new Buffer(JSON.stringify(value));
  if (this.linkedList.length > this.capacity) this.remove(this.linkedList.end.key.slice(1));
  return this;
};
CacheLRU.prototype.remove = function(key) {
  key = &#39;_&#39; + key;
  var lruEntry = this.hash[key];
  if (!lruEntry) return this;
  if (lruEntry === this.linkedList.head) this.linkedList.head = lruEntry.p;
  if (lruEntry === this.linkedList.end) this.linkedList.end = lruEntry.n;
  link(lruEntry.n, lruEntry.p);
  delete this.hash[key];
  delete this.data[key];
  this.linkedList.length -= 1;
  return this;
};
CacheLRU.prototype.removeAll = function() {
  this.data = {};
  this.hash = {};
  this.linkedList = {
    length: 0,
    head: null,
    end: null
  }
  return this;
};
CacheLRU.prototype.info = function() {
  var size = 0,
    data = this.linkedList.head;
  while (data){
    size += this.data[data.key].length;
    data = data.p;
  }
  return {
    capacity: this.capacity,
    length: this.linkedList.length,
    size: size
  };
};
// 更新链表，把get或put方法操作的key提到链表head，即表示最新
function refresh(linkedList, entry) {
  if (entry != linkedList.head) {
    if (!linkedList.end) {
      linkedList.end = entry;
    } else if (linkedList.end == entry) {
      linkedList.end = entry.n;
    }
    link(entry.n, entry.p);
    link(entry, linkedList.head);
    linkedList.head = entry;
    linkedList.head.n = null;
  }
}
// 对两个链表对象建立链接，形成一条链
function link(nextEntry, prevEntry) {
  if (nextEntry != prevEntry) {
    if (nextEntry) nextEntry.p = prevEntry;
    if (prevEntry) prevEntry.n = nextEntry;
  }
}
module.exports = CacheLRU;
// test:
/*var user = new CacheLRU(5);
user.put(&#39;user1&#39;, {name:&#39;admin&#39;, age: 30});
user.put(&#39;user2&#39;, {name:&#39;user&#39;, age: 31});
user.put(&#39;user3&#39;, {name:&#39;guest&#39;, age: 32});
user.put(&#39;user4&#39;, {name:&#39;guest&#39;, age: 34});
user.put(&#39;user5&#39;, {name:&#39;guest&#39;, age: 35});
console.log(user.get(&#39;user1&#39;));
console.log(user.get(&#39;user2&#39;));
console.log(user.get(&#39;user3&#39;));
user.put(&#39;user6&#39;, {name:&#39;guest&#39;, age: 36});
console.log(user.info());*/