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MordenPHP阅读笔记（一）——先跑再说，跑累了再走，mordenphp先跑_PHP教程

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Lepaskan： 2016-07-12 08:53:56
asal
1213 orang telah melayarinya

MordenPHP阅读笔记（一）——先跑再说，跑累了再走，mordenphp先跑

---恢复内容开始---

　　后台一大堆半成品，或者是几乎不成的。。。

这本书不错，起码是别人推荐的，然后也是比较新的东西，学哪本不是学嘛，关键是得看。

今儿个网不好，科研所需的代码下不到，看书做笔记吧。

这本书基本将的是5.4版本后的一些新变化，写的浅显易懂，虽然鄙人走的还不顺溜，跑一跑也摔不到哪儿去，跑累了我有的是走的机会~~

（一）特性

一、命名空间

一个文件一个类，用了命名空间方便互相调用；

<span> 1</span> <span>//</span>
<span> 2</span> <span>//Namespace
</span><span> 3</span> <span>//</span>
<span> 4</span> <span>namespace ModernPHP\feature\mingmingkongjian;
</span><span> 5</span> <span>function</span> <span>var_dump</span><span>(){
</span><span> 6</span>     <span>echo</span> "Shit!"."</br>"<span>;
</span><span> 7</span> <span>}
</span><span> 8</span> 
<span> 9</span> <span>$test</span>="OK"<span>;
</span><span>10</span> <span>var_dump</span>(<span>$test</span><span>);
</span><span>11</span> \ModernPHP\feature\mingmingkongjian\<span>var_dump</span><span>();
</span><span>12</span> 
<span>13</span> <span>//</span><span>命名空间必须顶头，但一个文件中可以有很多命名空间，然后也可以有子空间
</span><span>14</span> <span>//厂商的命名空间是最顶层的命名空间，用于识别品牌
</span><span>15</span> <span>//旨在解决命名冲突的问题，当然现在应该有比较灵活的其他用法
</span><span>16</span> 
<span>17</span> <span>//一个比较实用的点：导入和别名
</span><span>18</span> <span>//导入另一个文件夹下的类定义，直接用</span>
<span>19</span> <span>require</span> 'index.php'<span>;
</span><span>20</span> <span>use</span><span> a\aaa;
</span><span>21</span> <span>$daoru</span>=<span>new</span><span> aaa;
</span><span>22</span> <span>$daoru</span>-><span>send();
</span><span>23</span> <span>//</span><span>use是导入，然后在use中设置最懒的别名
</span><span>24</span> <span>//另外，5.6版本后可以实现use 函数
</span><span>25</span> <span>// use func a\call;
</span><span>26</span> <span>// \a\call();</span>
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index.php

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span> <span>namespace a;
</span><span> 3</span> <span>class</span><span> aaa{
</span><span> 4</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> send(){
</span><span> 5</span>         <span>echo</span> "ok"<span>;
</span><span> 6</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 7</span> <span>}
</span><span> 8</span> 
<span> 9</span> <span>function</span><span> call(){
</span><span>10</span>     <span>echo</span> "func_use is successful."<span>;
</span><span>11</span> }
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二、使用接口

接口，本来没太懂，看懂了之后简直了，牛逼啊！

一个接口，大家只要遵守接口规定，就都能用，就这么个意思。

下面是一个获得内容的接口示例，还可以写更多基于此接口的模块；（其中，模块中getContent的我基本都不会。。。哭）

<?<span>php
</span><span>//</span><span>
//Chapter2.P19
//Feature_Interface
//</span>
<span>namespace ModernPHP\feature\jiekou;



</span><span>class</span><span> DocumentStore{
    </span><span>protected</span> <span>$data</span>=<span>[];
    
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span> addDocument(Documentable <span>$document</span>){  <span>//</span><span>这里注明只能使用接口的参数</span>
        <span>$key</span>=<span>$document</span>-><span>getID();
        </span><span>$value</span>=<span>$document</span>-><span>getContent();
        </span><span>$this</span>->data[<span>$key</span>]=<span>$value</span><span>;
    }
    
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getDocuments(){
        </span><span>return</span> <span>$this</span>-><span>data;
    }
}

</span><span>interface</span> Documentable{     <span>//</span><span>定义接口，说白了就是定规矩，其他地方要用，就得说一声</span>
    <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getId();
    
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getContent();
}

</span><span>class</span> HtmlDocument <span>implements</span> Documentable{   <span>//</span><span>声明要用接口；这个是获得url的内容的</span>
    <span>protected</span> <span>$url</span><span>;
    
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span> __construct(<span>$url</span><span>){
        </span><span>$this</span>->url=<span>$url</span><span>;
    }
    
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getId(){
        </span><span>return</span> <span>$this</span>-><span>url;
    }
    
    </span><span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getContent(){
        </span><span>$ch</span>=curl_init();   <span>//</span><span>这里的curl是针对url进行操作一个库（相当于）。这个命令是开启一个curl对话，所以下面这些都是一个对话</span>
        curl_setopt(<span>$ch</span>, CURLOPT_URL, <span>$this</span>-><span>url);
        curl_setopt(</span><span>$ch</span>, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1<span>);
        curl_setopt(</span><span>$ch</span>,CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT,3<span>);
        curl_setopt(</span><span>$ch</span>,CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION,1<span>);
        curl_setopt(</span><span>$ch</span>,CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS,3<span>);
        </span><span>$html</span>=curl_exec(<span>$ch</span>);   <span>//</span><span>由这个命令执行刚才的对话</span>
        curl_close(<span>$ch</span><span>);
        
        </span><span>return</span> <span>$html</span><span>;
    }
}




</span><span>$documentStore</span>=<span>new</span><span> DocumentStore();

</span><span>$htmlDoc</span>=<span>new</span> HtmlDocument('http://www.baidu.com'<span>);
</span><span>$documentStore</span>->addDocument(<span>$htmlDoc</span><span>);



</span><span>print_r</span>(<span>$documentStore</span>->getDocuments());
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另一个模块

<span> 1</span> <span>class</span> StreamDocument <span>implements</span> Documentable{  <span>//</span><span>流媒体</span>
<span> 2</span>     <span>protected</span> <span>$resource</span><span>;
</span><span> 3</span>     <span>protected</span> <span>$buffer</span>;   <span>//</span><span>缓冲区大小</span>
<span> 4</span>     
<span> 5</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span> __construct(<span>$resource</span>,<span>$buffer</span>=4096<span>){
</span><span> 6</span>         <span>$this</span>-><span>resource</span>=<span>$resource</span><span>;
</span><span> 7</span>         <span>$this</span>->buffer=<span>$buffer</span><span>;
</span><span> 8</span> <span>    }
</span><span> 9</span>     
<span>10</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getId(){
</span><span>11</span>         <span>return</span> 'resource-'.(int)<span>$this</span>-><span>resource</span><span>;
</span><span>12</span> <span>    }
</span><span>13</span>     
<span>14</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> getContent(){
</span><span>15</span>         <span>$streamContent</span>=''<span>;
</span><span>16</span>         <span>rewind</span>(<span>$this</span>-><span>resource</span>); <span>//</span><span>rewind() 函数将文件指针的位置倒回文件的开头</span>
<span>17</span>         <span>while</span> (<span>feof</span>(<span>$this</span>-><span>resource</span>)===<span>false</span>){    <span>//</span><span>feof() 函数检测是否已到达文件末尾 (eof)。</span>
<span>18</span>             <span>$streamContent</span>.=<span>fread</span>(<span>$this</span>-><span>resource</span>,<span>$this</span>-><span>buffer);
</span><span>19</span> <span>        }
</span><span>20</span>         
<span>21</span>         <span>return</span> <span>$streamContent</span><span>;
</span><span>22</span> <span>    }
</span><span>23</span> }
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三、性状

奇怪的东西。。。

其实就是为了多重继承或者一对多个不同的类别吧

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span> <span>//</span>
<span> 3</span> <span>//Chapter2.P23
</span><span> 4</span> <span>//Feature_Trait
</span><span> 5</span> <span>//性状
</span><span> 6</span> <span>//
</span><span> 7</span> 
<span> 8</span> <span>//前面说的接口，是针对同类型的东西，实现相同的功能的；
</span><span> 9</span> <span>//这里的性状是针对不同的东西，实现相同的功能
</span><span>10</span> 
<span>11</span> <span>//基本用法如下</span>
<span>12</span> <span>trait traitName{
</span><span>13</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> testThis(){
</span><span>14</span>         <span>echo</span> "This is how trait works."."<br/>"<span>;
</span><span>15</span> <span>    }
</span><span>16</span> <span>}
</span><span>17</span> 
<span>18</span> <span>trait traitMore{
</span><span>19</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> testAgain(){
</span><span>20</span>         <span>echo</span> "This is multiple use."."<br/>"<span>;
</span><span>21</span> <span>    }
</span><span>22</span> <span>}
</span><span>23</span> 
<span>24</span> <span>class</span><span> className{
</span><span>25</span>     <span>use</span><span> traitName;
</span><span>26</span>     <span>use</span><span> traitMore;
</span><span>27</span>     
<span>28</span> <span>}
</span><span>29</span> 
<span>30</span> <span>$classMine</span>=<span>new</span><span> className();
</span><span>31</span> <span>$classMine</span>-><span>testThis();
</span><span>32</span> <span>$classMine</span>->testAgain();
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四、生成器

直接上代码

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span> <span>//</span>
<span> 3</span> <span>//Chapter2.P26
</span><span> 4</span> <span>//Feature_Generator
</span><span> 5</span> <span>//生成器
</span><span> 6</span> <span>//
</span><span> 7</span> 
<span> 8</span> <span>//其实就是在函数中使用了yield语句的东西
</span><span> 9</span> <span>//优点在于节省了内存使用情况
</span><span>10</span> <span>//方法是通过动态分配内存进行循环操作
</span><span>11</span> <span>//典型用处是处理csv类数据文件</span>
<span>12</span> 
<span>13</span> <span>namespace ModernPHP\feature\shengchegnqi;
</span><span>14</span> 
<span>15</span> <span>function</span> getRows(<span>$file</span><span>){
</span><span>16</span>     <span>$handle</span>=<span>fopen</span>(<span>$file</span>,'rb'<span>);
</span><span>17</span>     <span>if</span> (<span>$handle</span>===<span>false</span><span>){
</span><span>18</span>         <span>throw</span> <span>new</span> <span>Exception</span>();  <span>//</span><span>抛出错误原因</span>
<span>19</span> <span>    }
</span><span>20</span>     <span>while</span> (<span>feof</span>(<span>$handle</span>)===<span>false</span><span>) {
</span><span>21</span>         yield <span>fgetcsv</span>(<span>$handle</span><span>);
</span><span>22</span> <span>    }
</span><span>23</span>     <span>fclose</span>(<span>$handle</span><span>);
</span><span>24</span> <span>}
</span><span>25</span> 
<span>26</span> <span>foreach</span> (getRows('data.csv') <span>as</span> <span>$row</span><span>){
</span><span>27</span>     <span>print_r</span>(<span>$row</span><span>);
</span><span>28</span>     <span>echo</span> "<br/>"<span>;
</span><span>29</span> <span>}
</span><span>30</span> <span>//</span><span>当数据文件很大时，效果尤其明显</span>
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五、闭包

这里闭包基本等于匿名函数

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span> <span>//</span>
<span> 3</span> <span>//Chapter2.P29
</span><span> 4</span> <span>//Feature_ClosePatch
</span><span> 5</span> <span>//闭包或匿名函数
</span><span> 6</span> <span>//
</span><span> 7</span> 
<span> 8</span> <span>//把函数当作是变量
</span><span> 9</span> <span>//然后它就可以像变量一样用来用去了。。
</span><span>10</span> <span>//常用做函数和方法的回调</span>
<span>11</span> 
<span>12</span> <span>namespace ModernPHP\feature\bibao;
</span><span>13</span> <span>$var</span>=<span>function</span> (<span>$name</span><span>){
</span><span>14</span>     <span>return</span> <span>sprintf</span>('Hello %s',<span>$name</span><span>);
</span><span>15</span> <span>};
</span><span>16</span> 
<span>17</span> <span>echo</span> <span>$var</span>('Andy'<span>);
</span><span>18</span> 
<span>19</span> <span>//</span><span>做回调</span>
<span>20</span> <span>$array</span>=[2,3,4<span>];
</span><span>21</span> <span>$num</span>=<span>array_map</span>(<span>function</span> (<span>$number</span>){  <span>//</span><span>array_map,将函数作用到数组中的每个值上，每个值都乘以本身，并返回带有新值的数组</span>
<span>22</span>     <span>return</span> <span>$number</span>+1<span>;
</span><span>23</span> },<span>$array</span><span>);
</span><span>24</span> <span>print_r</span>(<span>$num</span>);
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六、附加状态

这个没搞懂。。。

（二）标准

PHP-FIG的一些约定俗成；

---类名称，驼峰式，ShitHappens

---方法名称，驼峰式，但首字母小写，shitHappens

---缩进统一为4个空格

---不写?>结束符号；

---{另起一行；

---命名空间要有空格；

---类中属性和方法必须有可见性声明；

---if等控制性结构后面有空格；

<span> 1</span> <?<span>php
</span><span> 2</span> <span>//</span>
<span> 3</span> <span>//Chapter3.P44
</span><span> 4</span> <span>//PHP-FIG puts PSRs
</span><span> 5</span> <span>//</span>
<span> 6</span> 
<span> 7</span> <span>namespace ModernPHP\standard\realize;
</span><span> 8</span> 
<span> 9</span> <span>use</span><span> ModernPHP\feature\bibao;
</span><span>10</span> <span>use</span><span> ModernPHP\feature\fujiazhuangtai;
</span><span>11</span> 
<span>12</span> <span>class</span><span> ShitHappens
</span><span>13</span> <span>{
</span><span>14</span>     <span>public</span> <span>$a</span><span>;
</span><span>15</span>     
<span>16</span>     <span>public</span> <span>function</span><span> suck()
</span><span>17</span> <span>    {
</span><span>18</span>         <span>if</span> (<span>$this</span>->a===<span>false</span><span>){
</span><span>19</span>             <span>return</span> <span>true</span><span>;
</span><span>20</span> <span>        }
</span><span>21</span> <span>    }
</span><span>22</span> }
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----------------------

后面的都是讲述的东西，有需要的我再写吧。 

 

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