rs Membina Rangka Kerja JNI

# Cargo.toml

[lib]
crate-type = ["cdylib"]

cargo add rs4j

cargo add rs4j --build -F build # Enable the `build` feature

# Also add anyhow for error handling
cargo add anyhow --build

// build.rs

use rs4j::build::BindgenConfig;
use anyhow::Result;

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    // Make a new config
    BindgenConfig::new()

        // Set the package for export
        .package("your.package.here")

        // Where to save the Rust bindings
        .bindings(format!("{}/src/bindings.rs", env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")))

        // Where the input files are
        .glob(format!("{}/bindings/**/*.rs4j", env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")))?

        // Where to save java classes (is a directory)
        .output(format!("{}/java", env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")))

        // Enable JetBrains annotations (this is a TODO on my end)
        .annotations(true)

        // Go!
        .generate()?;

    Ok(())
}

# Cargo.toml

[features]
default = []
post-build = ["rs4j/build", "anyhow"]

[[bin]]
name = "post-build"
path = "post-build.rs"
required-features = ["post-build"]

[dependencies]
anyhow = { version = "[...]", optional = true } # Set the version to whatever you want
rs4j = "[...]" # Whatever you had before

// post-build.rs

use anyhow::Result;
use rs4j::build::BindgenConfig;

fn main() -> Result<()> {
    let out_path = format!("{}/generated", env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"));
    let src_path = format!("{}/java/src/generated", env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"));

    BindgenConfig::new()
        // This should be the same as the normal buildscript
        .package("com.example")
        .bindings(format!("{}/src/bindings.rs", env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")))
        .glob(format!("{}/bindings/**/*.rs4j", env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR")))?
        .output(&out_path)
        .annotations(false)

        // Run post-build actions
        .post_build()?

        // Copy it to your Java project
        .copy_to(src_path)?;

    Ok(())
}

cargo install rs4j --features cli

- cargo build
+ rs4j build # `rs4j build` supports all of `cargo build`'s arguments after a `--`.

// This class, Thing, takes in one type parameter, `A`.
// You can omit this if it doesn't take any type parameters.
class Thing<A> {
    // This makes it so that Rust knows that the type for `A`
    // will have `Clone + Copy`. This doesn't change anything
    // on the Java side, it's just so that Rust will compile.
    bound A: Clone + Copy;

    // This will generate getters and setters for the field `some`.
    field some: i32;

    // Here, the Rust function's name is `new`, and Java will treat
    // it as a constructor.
    static init fn new(value: A) -> Thing;

    // This gets the value. Since this is in snake_case, rs4j will
    // automatically convert it into camelCase, renaming this to
    // `getValue` on the Java side.
    fn get_value() -> A;

    // This marks this function as mutable, meaning in Rust it will
    // mutate the struct, as if it took a `&mut self` as an argument.
    mut fn set_value(value: A);

    // You can even include trait methods, as long as Rust can find the
    // trait it belongs to!
    fn clone() -> A;
};

parser! {
    /// The rs4j parser.
    pub grammar rs4j_parser() for str {
        ...

        // Type kinds

        rule _u8_k() -> TypeKind = "u8" { TypeKind::U8 }
        rule _u16_k() -> TypeKind = "u16" { TypeKind::U16 }
        rule _u32_k() -> TypeKind = "u32" { TypeKind::U32 }
        rule _u64_k() -> TypeKind = "u64" { TypeKind::U64 }
        rule _i8_k() -> TypeKind = "i8" { TypeKind::I8 }
        rule _i16_k() -> TypeKind = "i16" { TypeKind::I16 }
        rule _i32_k() -> TypeKind = "i32" { TypeKind::I32 }
        rule _i64_k() -> TypeKind = "i64" { TypeKind::I64 }
        rule _f32_k() -> TypeKind = "f32" { TypeKind::F32 }
        rule _f64_k() -> TypeKind = "f64" { TypeKind::F64 }
        rule _bool_k() -> TypeKind = "bool" { TypeKind::Bool }
        rule _char_k() -> TypeKind = "char" { TypeKind::Char }
        rule _str_k() -> TypeKind = "String" { TypeKind::String }
        rule _void_k() -> TypeKind = "()" { TypeKind::Void }
        rule _other_k() -> TypeKind = id: _ident() { TypeKind::Other(id) }
        rule _uint_k() -> TypeKind = _u8_k() / _u16_k() / _u32_k() / _u64_k()
        rule _int_k() -> TypeKind = _i8_k() / _i16_k() / _i32_k() / _i64_k()
        rule _float_k() -> TypeKind = _f32_k() / _f64_k()
        rule _extra_k() -> TypeKind = _bool_k() / _char_k() / _str_k() / _void_k()

        ...
    }
}

class MyOtherStruct {
    field a: String;
    field b: MyStruct;

    static init fn new() -> Self;

    fn say_only(message: String);
    fn say(p2: String);
    fn say_with(p1: MyStruct, p2: String);
};

// lib.rs

...

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct MyOtherStruct {
    pub a: String,
    pub b: MyStruct,
}

impl MyOtherStruct {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            a: String::new(),
            b: MyStruct::new(),
        }
    }

    pub fn say_only(&self, message: String) {
        println!("{}", message);
    }

    pub fn say(&self, p2: String) {
        println!("{}{}", self.b.a, p2);
    }

    pub fn say_with(&self, p1: MyStruct, p2: String) {
        println!("{}{}", p1.a, p2);
    }
}

include!("bindings.rs");

// bindings.rs
// #[allow(...)] statements have been removed for brevity.

#[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
pub struct __JNI_MyOtherStruct {
    pub a: String,
    pub b: *mut MyStruct,
}

impl __JNI_MyOtherStruct {
    pub unsafe fn of(base: MyOtherStruct) -> Self {
        Self {
            a: base.a.clone(),
            // yes, this is an intentional memory leak.
            b: Box::leak(Box::new(base.b)) as *mut MyStruct,
        }
    }

    pub unsafe fn to_rust(&self) -> MyOtherStruct {
        MyOtherStruct {
            a: self.a.clone(),
            b: (&mut *self.b).clone(),
        }
    }

    pub unsafe fn __wrapped_new() -> Self {
        let base = MyOtherStruct::new();

        Self::of(base)
    }

    pub unsafe fn __wrapped_say_only(&self, message: String) -> () {
        MyOtherStruct::say_only(&self.to_rust(), message).clone()
    }

    pub unsafe fn __wrapped_say(&self, p2: String) -> () {
        MyOtherStruct::say(&self.to_rust(), p2).clone()
    }

    pub unsafe fn __wrapped_say_with(&self, p1: MyStruct, p2: String) -> () {
        MyOtherStruct::say_with(&self.to_rust(), p1, p2).clone()
    }
}

// This is a field, here's the getter and setter.
// #[allow(...)] statements have been removed for brevity.

#[no_mangle]
pub unsafe extern "system" fn Java_com_example_MyOtherStruct_jni_1set_1a<'local>(
    mut env: JNIEnv<'local>,
    class: JClass<'local>,
    ptr: jlong,
    val: JString<'local>,
) -> jlong {
    let it = &mut *(ptr as *mut __JNI_MyOtherStruct);
    let val = env.get_string(&val).unwrap().to_str().unwrap().to_string();

    it.a = val;

    ptr as jlong
}

#[no_mangle]
pub unsafe extern "system" fn Java_com_example_MyOtherStruct_jni_1get_1a<'local>(
    mut env: JNIEnv<'local>,
    class: JClass<'local>,
    ptr: jlong,
) -> jstring {
    let it = &*(ptr as *mut __JNI_MyOtherStruct);
    env.new_string(it.a.clone()).unwrap().as_raw()
}

// #[allow(...)] statements have been removed for brevity.

#[no_mangle]
pub unsafe extern "system" fn Java_com_example_MyOtherStruct_jni_1free<'local, >(_env: JNIEnv<'local>, _class: JClass<'local>, ptr: jlong) {
    // Reclaim the pointer
    let it = Box::from_raw(ptr as *mut __JNI_MyOtherStruct);

    // Reclaim the other field
    let _ = Box::from_raw(it.b);
}

// NativeClass.java

package org.stardustmodding.rs4j.util;

public interface NativeClass {
    long getPointer();
}

// ParentClass.java

package org.stardustmodding.rs4j.util;

public interface ParentClass {
    void updateField(String field, long pointer);
}

// Notice how all of these functions take a `long ptr` as an argument. This is the pointer to the underlying struct in Rust.

// This is a constructor - it takes no pointer but returns one.
private native long jni_init_new();

// Methods
private static native void jni_say_only(long ptr, String message);
private static native void jni_say(long ptr, String p2);
private static native void jni_say_with(long ptr, long p1, String p2);

// Getters & Setters
private static native long jni_set_a(long ptr, String value);
private static native String jni_get_a(long ptr);
// Notice how this field isn't primitive, so it uses the pointer instead.
private static native long jni_set_b(long ptr, long value);
private static native long jni_get_b(long ptr);

// Freeing memory
private static native void jni_free(long ptr);

// The pointer to the Rust object
private long __ptr = -1;
// If this is a field in another class, it keeps track of it for updating purposes
private ParentClass __parent = null;
// The name of the field in the other class
private String __parentField = null;

public MyOtherStruct() {
    // Sets the pointer using the constructor
    __ptr = jni_init_new();
}

// Notice how these all just call the JNI method, providing the pointer.

public void sayOnly(String message) {
    jni_say_only(__ptr, message);
}

public void say(String p2) {
    jni_say(__ptr, p2);
}

public void sayWith(MyStruct p1, String p2) {
    jni_say_with(__ptr, p1.getPointer(), p2);
}

// Notice how the setters all update the field in the parent. This allows the user to have Java-like behavior, where modifying a class that is a property of another will update that reference.

public void setA(String value) {
    __ptr = jni_set_a(__ptr, value);

    if (__parent != null) {
        __parent.updateField(__parentField, __ptr);
    }
}

public String getA() {
    return jni_get_a(__ptr);
}

public void setB(MyStruct value) {
    // .getPointer() gets the underlying pointer, this is from the NativeClass interface.
    __ptr = jni_set_b(__ptr, value.getPointer());

    if (__parent != null) {
        __parent.updateField(__parentField, __ptr);
    }
}

public MyStruct getB() {
    // Essentially this is a glorified cast.
    return MyStruct.from(jni_get_b(__ptr), this, "b");
}

// Just creates an instance from a pointer.
private MyOtherStruct(long ptr) {
    __ptr = ptr;
}

// Creates an instance from a pointer, with a parent
private MyOtherStruct(long ptr, ParentClass parent, String parentField) {
    __ptr = ptr;
    __parent = parent;
    __parentField = parentField;
}

// These are for other classes to "cast" to this class.

public static MyOtherStruct from(long ptr) {
    return new MyOtherStruct(ptr);
}

public static MyOtherStruct from(long ptr, ParentClass parent, String parentField) {
    return new MyOtherStruct(ptr, parent, parentField);
}

// I'M FREE!!!!
// This is ESSENTIAL for memory management, as Rust will otherwise never know when to free the memory that was leaked.
public void free() {
    jni_free(__ptr);
}

// Override from NativeClass.
@Override
public long getPointer() {
    return __ptr;
}

// Override from ParentClass.
@Override
public void updateField(String field, long pointer) {
    // `b` is non-primitive, so when it's updated it also has to be updated here.
    if (field == "b") {
        __ptr = jni_set_b(__ptr, pointer);
    }
}