Introduction to TCP/IP
TCP/IP is the communication protocol used on the Internet.
Computer Communication Protocol
Computer Communication Protocol is a description of the rules that computers must follow in order to communicate with each other.
What is TCP/IP?
TCP/IP is a communication protocol used by computers connected to the Internet to communicate.
TCP/IP refers to Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol).
TCP/IP defines a standard for how electronic devices, such as computers, are connected to the Internet and how data is transferred between them.
Inside TCP/IP
In TCP/IP, it contains a series of protocols for handling data communication:
TCP ( Transmission Control Protocol) - Communication between applications
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - Simple communication between applications
IP (Internet Protocol) - Communication between computers
ICMP (Internet Message Control Protocol) - For errors and status
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - Use fixed connections for dynamic addressing
TCP
TCP is used for communication between applications.
When an application wishes to communicate with another application over TCP, it sends a communication request. This request must be sent to an exact address. After the "handshake" between the two parties, TCP will establish a full-duplex communication between the two applications.
This full-duplex communication will occupy the communication line between the two computers until it is closed by one or both parties.
UDP is similar to TCP, but simpler and less reliable than TCP.
IP is connectionless
IP is used for communication between computers.
IP is a connectionless communication protocol. It does not tie up the communication line between two communicating computers. In this way, IP reduces the need for network wires. Each line can meet the communication needs of many different computers at the same time.
With IP, messages (or other data) are broken into small independent packets and sent between computers over the Internet.
IP is responsible for routing each packet to its destination.
IP Router
When an IP packet is sent from a computer, it reaches an IP router.
The IP router is responsible for routing the packet to its destination, either directly or through another router.
In the same communication, the path followed by a packet may be different from other packets. The router is responsible for correct addressing based on traffic volume, errors in the network, or other parameters.
TCP/IP
TCP/IP means TCP and IP work together.
TCP is responsible for communication between application software (such as your browser) and network software.
IP is responsible for communication between computers.
TCP is responsible for splitting and loading data into IP packets and then reassembling them as they arrive.
IP is responsible for delivering the packet to the recipient.
