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Python函数中*args和**kwargs来传递变长参数的用法

WBOY
WBOYOriginal
2016-06-10 15:06:251345browse

单星号形式(*args)用来传递非命名键可变参数列表。双星号形式(**kwargs)用来传递键值可变参数列表。

下面的例子,传递了一个固定位置参数和两个变长参数。

def test_var_args(farg, *args):
  print "formal arg:", farg
  for arg in args:
    print "another arg:", arg

test_var_args(1, "two", 3)

结果如下:

formal arg: 1
another arg: two
another arg: 3

这个例子用来展示键值对形式的可变参数列表,一个固定参数和两个键值参数。

def test_var_kwargs(farg, **kwargs):
  print "formal arg:", farg
  for key in kwargs:
    print "another keyword arg: %s: %s" % (key, kwargs[key])

test_var_kwargs(farg=1, myarg2="two", myarg3=3)

执行结果:

formal arg: 1
another keyword arg: myarg2: two
another keyword arg: myarg3: 3

调用函数时,使用 *args and **kwargs

这种语法不仅仅是在函数定义的时候可以使用,调用函数的时候也可以使用

def test_var_args_call(arg1, arg2, arg3):
  print "arg1:", arg1
  print "arg2:", arg2
  print "arg3:", arg3

args = ("two", 3)
test_var_args_call(1, *args)

执行结果如下:

arg1: 1
arg2: two
arg3: 3

键值对方式:

def test_var_args_call(arg1, arg2, arg3):
  print "arg1:", arg1
  print "arg2:", arg2
  print "arg3:", arg3

kwargs = {"arg3": 3, "arg2": "two"}
test_var_args_call(1, **kwargs)

结果如下:

arg1: 1
arg2: two
arg3: 3

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