translate

"Internationalization" (often abbreviated asi18n) refers to extracting strings and other fragments with regional characteristics from your program and The process of placing users in a layer that can be translated and transformed based on their locale (e.g. language, country). For text, this means stripping away each part of the text with a function that translates it (or the "information") into the language the user wants:

// 文本始终以英语输出echo 'Hello World'; // 文本将以用户指定语言或默认英语输出echo $translator->trans('Hello World');

In this chapter, you will learn how to use the translation component in the Symfony framework. You can readTranslation Componentto learn more. Overall, the translation process has the following steps:

1. Open and configureSymfony's translation service;

2. Strings are abstracted (such as "xxxx"), which is achieved by calling Translator to strip them; (Refer toTranslation Basics)

3. For each Supported locales,Create translation resources/files, used to translate each string to be translated in the program;

4. for request (request) and optionalBased on the user's entire session process, todetermine, set and manage the user's locale information.

Configuration¶

The translation process is handled through thetranslatorservice, which uses the user-specified locale to find and return translated information. Before using translator, enable it in the configuration file:

PHP:// app/config/config.php$container->loadFromExtension('framework', array('translator' => array('fallbacks' => array('en')),));

XML:   en  

YAML:# app/config/config.ymlframework:translator: { fallbacks: [en] }

Regarding thefallbacks keywordand how Symfony handles it when it cannot find the translation language, please refer toLocales rollback during translationfor details.

The locale information used in translation is stored in the request object. Generally set to the_localeattribute in routing. Please refer toThe Locale and the URL.

Translation Basics¶

translatorThe service is responsible for completing the translation of text. To translate a block of text (called a "message", hereafter called "information"), use the trans() method. For example, you want to translate a simple message in the controller:

// ...use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response; public function indexAction(){$translated = $this->get('translator')->trans('Symfony is great'); return new Response($translated);}

After the above code is executed, Symfony will try to translate the "Symfony is great" message based on the user'slocale. In order for this process to work, you need to tell Symfony how to perform the translation through a "translation resource". Generally speaking, a translation source is a file that contains groups of translation information corresponding to a specified locale. It is like a "dictionary" for translation and can be created in a variety of formats, but it is recommended to use XLIFF (annotation: xml format with different suffixes):

PHP:// messages.fr.phpreturn array('Symfony is great' => 'J\'aime Symfony',);

YAML:# messages.fr.ymlSymfony is great: J'aime Symfony

XML:    Symfony is great J'aime Symfony   

For information about the storage location of such files, refer toTranslation source/file name and location

Now, if the user's locale is French (such asfr_FRorfr_BE), then the previous message will be translated asJ'aime Symfony. You can also complete the translation intemplates.

Translation Process¶

In order to translate a message, Symfony performs the following concise process:

• Determine the request first Thelocaleinformation of the current user stored in the object;

• The translated information of a certain directory (a large group of messages) will be retrieved from ## The translation source determined by #locale(such asfr_FR) is loaded. If the locale does not exist, the translation information determined byfallback localewill also be loaded and merged into the directory. The final result is a "translation dictionary";

• If the information to be translated can be found from the directory, the translation results will be returned. Otherwise, the translator returns the original information.

¶

use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response; public function indexAction($name){$translated = $this->get('translator')->trans('Hello '.$name); return new Response($translated);}

Message Placeholders/Message Placeholdersin the component documentation. For how to handle the same situation in templates, refer toTwig Templates.

¶

{% trans %}Hello %name%{% endtrans %} {% transchoice count %}{0} There are no apples|{1} There is one apple|]1,Inf[ There are %count% apples{% endtranschoice %}

1 2

There is one apple. There are 5 apples.

1

{% trans %}Percent: %percent%%%{% endtrans %}