Home>Article>Backend Development> A brief analysis of several timeout configurations in PHP configuration files
This article will talk about the PHP configuration file and analyze several timeout-related configurations in the configuration file (php.ini and php-fpm.conf). I hope it can help you!
There are many timeout-related configurations in php.ini and php-fpm.conf, so what exactly do these configurations do? How is it implemented in the source code? This article will talk about the following timeout configurations:
##Running environment:Mac 10.14.2 PHP 7.3.7
2. Configure parsing rules Parsing rules The parsing of php.ini is completed in thephp_module_startup()stage, ini_entry is in The parsing rules defined for each php.ini configuration in
main.care in the following format:
ZEND_INI_ENTRY3_EX(name, default_value, modifiable, on_modify, arg1, arg2, arg3, displayer)PHP defines many macros for different types of configurations,
ZEND_INI_ENTRY3_EXis The final macro after they are expanded, such as
PHP_INI_ENTRYMacro
PHP_INI_ENTRY(name, default_value, modifiable, on_modify)Parameter explanation
name:Configuration name
default_value:Configure the default value
modifiable:The configurable range of the configuration
These modes determine when and where a PHP command can be Whether it can be set. Each instruction in the manual has a mode to which it belongs. For example, some commands can be set in PHP scripts using ini_set(), while others can only be set in php.ini or httpd.conf. For example, the output_buffering directive belongs toPHP_INI_PERDIR, so it cannot be set with ini_set(). But the display_errors directive belongs toPHP_INI_ALLand can be set anywhere, including ini_set().
on_modify:配置修改函数
三、max_input_time、max_execution_time
因为
max_input_time
和max_execution_time
联系比较密切,所以放在一起来讲。php.ini 解释
max_input_time
; Maximum amount of time each script may spend parsing request data. It's a good
; idea to limit this time on productions servers in order to eliminate unexpectedly
; long running scripts.
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to -1 for the CLI SAPI
; http://php.net/max-input-time翻译过来就是:
max_input_time
是每个脚本可以花在解析请求数据上的最大时间。在生产服务器上通过限制max_input_time可以清除掉长时间运行的脚本。在CLI模式下会硬编码为-1,即无限制。max_execution_time
; Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds
; http://php.net/max-execution-...
; Note: This directive is hardcoded to 0 for the CLI SAPI翻译:
max_execution_time
是每个脚本的最大可执行时间。在CLI模式下硬编码为0配置解析规则
// max_input_time,默认值为无限制 STD_PHP_INI_ENTRY("max_input_time", "-1", PHP_INI_SYSTEM|PHP_INI_PERDIR, OnUpdateLong, max_input_time, php_core_globals, core_globals) // max_execution_time,默认值为30s,修改函数为OnUpdateTimeout PHP_INI_ENTRY("max_execution_time", "30", PHP_INI_ALL, OnUpdateTimeout)
OnUpdateTimeout()
函数如下,由第二节可知配置解析发生在php_module_startup()
阶段,此时EG(timeout_seconds)
被赋值为了max_execution_time
,但还没有设置定时器。// main.c static PHP_INI_MH(OnUpdateTimeout) { if (stage==PHP_INI_STAGE_STARTUP) { /* Don't set a timeout on startup, only per-request */ /* EG(timeout_seconds) = max_execution_time */ ZEND_ATOL(EG(timeout_seconds), ZSTR_VAL(new_value)); return SUCCESS; } zend_unset_timeout(); ZEND_ATOL(EG(timeout_seconds), ZSTR_VAL(new_value)); zend_set_timeout(EG(timeout_seconds), 0); return SUCCESS; }设置超时定时器
// main.c int php_request_startup(void) { ...... if (PG(max_input_time) == -1) { zend_set_timeout(EG(timeout_seconds), 1); } else { zend_set_timeout(PG(max_input_time), 1); } ...... } int php_execute_script(zend_file_handle *primary_file) { ...... if (PG(max_input_time) != -1) { zend_set_timeout(INI_INT("max_execution_time"), 0); } ...... }从上面代码可以看到,如果设置了
max_input_time
(即值不等于-1,-1可以认为是在CLI模式下),在php_request_startup()
阶段会设置一个定时器,超时时间为max_input_time
;在php_execute_script()
阶段会重新设置一个定时器,超时时间为max_execution_time
。那么整个PHP脚本执行的最大执行时间就等于max_input_time
+max_execution_time
。如果没有设置
max_input_time
的话(即值等于-1),在php_request_startup()
阶段也会设置一个定时器,但超时时间被设为了EG(timeout_seconds)
,而EG(timeout_seconds)
已经在php_module_startup()
阶段被赋值为max_execution_time
,所以此时的超时时间就是max_execution_time
;在php_execute_script()
阶段不会重新设置定时器,前一阶段设置的max_execution_time
定时器仍然生效着。那么整个PHP脚本的最大执行时间就是max_execution_time
。
zend_set_time()
使用setitimer(ITIMER_PROF, &t_r, NULL);
来实现定时器,ITIMER_PROF
会统计包括用户态和内核态下所花费的时间,而像sleep()
这样的系统调用会让进程挂起,不占用cpu时间片,所以这俩超时时间是不包括sleep()
时间的。当定时器到时间后,ZendVM会抛出
E_ERROR
,即Fatal error
错误。四、process_control_timeout
php-fpm.conf 解释
; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master.
; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Unit: seconds翻译:
process_control_timeout
是留给子进程处理来自master进程信号的时间限制。分析
当master进程接收到
SIGINT
、SIGTERM
、SIGQUIT
、SIGUSR2
这些信号时,会调用fpm_pctl()
来进行处理。首先master进程会根据 接收到的信号 和 当前fpm的运行状态 来决定发送给worker进程的是
SIGQUIT
还是SIGTERM
信号,同时注册时间为process_control_timeout
的定时事件。如果在
process_control_timeout
时间内子进程没有退出,那么master进程会升级SIGQUIT
为SIGTERM
,SIGTERM
为SIGKILL
,并注册1s的定时事件。SIGKILL
就直接终止worker进程了,SIGTERM
还能再给worker进程1s的时间。综上,
process_control_timeout
可以理解为master进程留给worker进程结束自己的时间,要是到时间worker还没搞定那就开始master自己的策略了。五、request_terminate_timeout、request_slowlog_timeout
因为
request_terminate_timeout
和request_slowlog_timeout
联系比较密切,所以放在一起来讲。php-fpm.conf Explanation
request_terminate_timeout
; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes ), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0Translation: The timeout period for executing a request, after which the worker process will be terminated. This option should be used when
max_execution_time
this ini option cannot stop script execution for some reason.request_slowlog_timeout
; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off' .
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0Translation: Execute a request timeout, after which a PHP backtrace will be output to the slowlog file.
Analysis
request_slowlog_timeout
andrequest_terminate_timeout
are used in the heartbeat detection of the master process (fpm_pctl_heartbeat()
) , the heartbeat timeheartbeat
The simplified algorithm is
When
request_terminate_timeout
is turned on:request_terminate_timeout/1000*3
When
request_terminate_timeout
is not enabled:request_slowlog_timeout/1000*3
or 0
request_terminate_timeout >= request_slowlog_timeout
heartbeat
takes 1 of the timeout time /3 should be to avoid too frequent heartbeat detection, because each heartbeat detection needs to traverse all worker processes.
kill(child_pid, SIGTERM);
, and then the kernel will recycle resources and close the client_socket, and nginx will return a 502 error to the browser.
PHP Video Tutorial"
Mode Meaning ##PHP_INI_USER Can be set in a user script (e.g. ini_set()) or in the Windows registry (since PHP 5.3) and in .user.ini PHP_INI_PERDIR Can be set in php.ini, .htaccess or httpd.conf PHP_INI_SYSTEM Can be set in php .ini or httpd.conf set PHP_INI_ALL ##The third rule is to ensure that slowlog does not affect normal requests,If a timeout event occurs, the worker process will be killed directly,Recommended learning: "can be set anywhere
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