Detailed explanation of the usage and examples of variables in PHP template engine Smarty

This article mainly introduces the use of variables in the PHP template engine Smarty. It details the principles of Smarty templates, downloading, configuration methods and variable usage skills. Friends in need can refer to it

1. Overview:

Smarty is one of the many template engines in PHP. It is a class library written based on PHP.
Advantages of Smarty:
1. Optimize website access speed;
2. Separate web front-end design and program;

2. Installation of Smarty

1. You need to download the latest Smarty version from Smarty’s official website http://www.smarty.net/download.php. For example, the downloaded version is: Smarty-2.6.18.tar.tar;

2. Unzip the Smarty-2.6.18.tar.tar compressed package and you will find many files and folders. Except for the libs folder, deleting all others will be useless;

3. When When calling the Smarty template engine, you should first use PHP's require statement to load the file libs/Smarty.class.php.

3. Default settings of Smarty class library

require After entering the Smarty.class.php file, if you need to set the members in the Smarty class library, there are two options: There are two methods: one is to modify it directly in the Smarty.class.php file; the other is to re-specify it after initializing the class library, and the latter is generally used. The following is an explanation of the member attributes in the Smarty class library:

1, $template_dir: Set the directory where the template files in the website are stored, the default directory is templates
2, $compile_dir: Set the compilation in the website The directory where the file is stored, the default directory is templates_c
3, $config_dir: defines the directory used to store special configuration files of templates, the default is configs
4, $left_delimiter: used for the left terminator variable in the template, default It is '{'
5, $right_delimiter: used for the right terminator variable in the template, the default is '}'

4. Use of variables:

## All access in #Smarty is based on variables. The following is an example to illustrate.

Example idea: The main file introduces the template initialization configuration file (init.inc.php) and a class, and assigns values ​​to the variables in the template to display.

First, set the init.inc.php file as the initialization configuration file of the Smarty template

init.inc.php

<?php
  define(&#39;ROOT_PATH&#39;, dirname(__FILE__)); //定义网站根目录
  require ROOT_PATH.&#39;/libs/Smarty.class.php&#39;; //载入 Smarty 文件
  $_tpl = new Smarty();      //实例化一个对象
  $_tpl->template_dir = ROOT_PATH.&#39;/tpl/&#39;; //重新设置模板目录为根目录下的 tpl 目录
  $_tpl->compile_dir = ROOT_PATH.&#39;./com/&#39;; //重新设置编译目录为根目录下的 com 目录
  $_tpl->left_delimiter = &#39;<{&#39;;   //重新设置左定界符为 &#39;<{&#39;
  $_tpl->right_delimiter = &#39;}>&#39;;    //重新设置左定界符为 &#39;}>&#39;
?>

Main file index.php

<?php
  require &#39;init.inc.php&#39;; //引入模板初始化文件
  require &#39;Persion.class.php&#39;; //载入对象文件
  global $_tpl;
  $title = &#39;This is a title!&#39;;
  $content = &#39;This is body content!&#39;;
  /*
  * 一、从 PHP 中分配给模板变量；
  * 动态的数据（PHP从数据库或文件，以及算法生成的变量）
  * 任何类型的数据都可以从PHP分配过来，主要包括如下
  * 标量：string、int、double、boolean
  * 复合：array、object
  *   NULL
  * 索引数组是直接通过索引来访问的
  * 关联数组，不是使用［关联下标］而是使用 . 下标的方式
  * 对象是直接通过->来访问的
  * */
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;title&#39;,$title);
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;content&#39;,$content); //变量的赋值
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;arr1&#39;,array(&#39;abc&#39;,&#39;def&#39;,&#39;ghi&#39;));  //索引数组的赋值
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;arr2&#39;,array(array(&#39;abc&#39;,&#39;def&#39;,&#39;ghi&#39;),array(&#39;jkl&#39;,&#39;mno&#39;,&#39;pqr&#39;))); //索引二维数组的赋值
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;arr3&#39;,array(&#39;one&#39;=>&#39;111&#39;,&#39;two&#39;=>&#39;222&#39;,&#39;three&#39;=>&#39;333&#39;)); //关联数组的赋值
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;arr4&#39;,array(&#39;one&#39;=>array(&#39;one&#39;=>&#39;111&#39;,&#39;two&#39;=>&#39;222&#39;),&#39;two&#39;=>array(&#39;three&#39;=>&#39;333&#39;,&#39;four&#39;=>&#39;444&#39;))); //关联二维数组的赋值
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;arr5&#39;,array(&#39;one&#39;=>array(&#39;111&#39;,&#39;222&#39;),array(&#39;three&#39;=>&#39;333&#39;,&#39;444&#39;))); //关联和索引混合数组的赋值
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;object&#39;,new Persion(&#39;小易&#39;, 10)); //对象赋值
  //Smarty 中数值也可以进行运算(+-*/^……)
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;num1&#39;,10);
  $_tpl->assign(&#39;num2&#39;,20);
  $_tpl->display(&#39;index.tpl&#39;);
?>

Template file index.tpl of the main file index.php (stored in the /tpl/ directory)

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title><{$title}></title>
  </head>  <body>
    变量的访问：<{$content}>
    <br />
    索引数组的访问：<{$arr1[0]}> <{$arr1[1]}> <{$arr1[2]}>
    <br />
    索引二维数组的访问： <{$arr2[0][0]}> <{$arr2[0][1]}> <{$arr2[0][2]}> <{$arr2[1][0]}> <{$arr2[1][1]}> <{$arr2[1][2]}>
    <br />
    关联数组的访问：<{$arr3.one}> <{$arr3.two}> <{$arr3.three}>
    <br />
    关联二维数组的访问：<{$arr4.one.one}> <{$arr4.one.two}> <{$arr4.two.three}> <{$arr4.two.four}>
    <br />
    关联和索引混合数组的访问：<{$arr5.one[0]}> <{$arr5.one[1]}> <{$arr5[0].three}> <{$arr5[0][0]}>
    <br />
    对象中成员变量的访问：<{$object->name}> <{$object->age}>
    <br />
    对象中方法的访问：<{$object->hello()}>
    <br />
    变量的运算：<{$num1+$num2}>
    <br />
    变量的混合运算：<{$num1+$num2*$num2/$num1+44}>
    <br />
  </body>
</html>

Persion.class.php

<?php
  class Persion {
   public $name; //为了访问方便，设定为public
   public $age;
   //定义一个构造方法
   public function __construct($name,$age) {
     $this->name = $name;
     $this->age = $age;
   }
   //定义一个 hello() 方法，输出名字和年龄
   public function hello() {
     return &#39;您好！我叫&#39;.$this->name.&#39;，今年&#39;.$this->age.&#39;岁了。&#39;;
   }
 }
?>

Execution result:

变量的访问：This is body content!
索引数组的访问：abc def ghi
索引二维数组的访问： abc def ghi jkl mno pqr
关联数组的访问：111 222 333
关联二维数组的访问：111 222 333 444
关联和索引混合数组的访问：111 222 333 444
对象中成员变量的访问：小易 10
对象中方法的访问：您好！我叫小易，今年10岁了。
变量的运算：30
变量的混合运算：94

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