The following are the command line mode option parameters provided by the PHP binary file (that is, the php.exe program). You can query these parameters at any time through the PHP -h command.

Usage: php [options] [-f] 28897b20adb25fbae118a3f80f538dec [args...]
       php [options] -r ffbe95d20f3893062224282accb13e8f [args...]
       php [options] [-- args...]
  -s               Display colour syntax highlighted source.
  -w               Display source with stripped comments and whitespace.
  -f 28897b20adb25fbae118a3f80f538dec        Parse 28897b20adb25fbae118a3f80f538dec.
  -v               Version number
  -c 98953a78f52873edae60a617ec082494|28897b20adb25fbae118a3f80f538dec Look for php.ini file in this directory
  -a               Run interactively
  -d foo[=bar]     Define INI entry foo with value 'bar'
  -e               Generate extended information for debugger/profiler
  -z 28897b20adb25fbae118a3f80f538dec        Load Zend extension 28897b20adb25fbae118a3f80f538dec.
  -l               Syntax check only (lint)
  -m               Show compiled in modules
  -i               PHP information
  -r ffbe95d20f3893062224282accb13e8f        Run PHP ffbe95d20f3893062224282accb13e8f without using script tags e1cdf277302c20b8d8f1b523c1353fef
  -h               This help
 
  args...          Arguments passed to script. Use -- args when first argument 
                   starts with - or script is read from stdin

## CLI The SAPI module has the following three different methods to obtain your PHP code to be run:

In the Windows environment, try to use double quotes, and in the Linux environment, try to use single quotes.

1. #Let PHP run the specified file.

   php my_script.php 
   php -f  "my_script.php"
   

   ##The above two methods (with or without the -f parameter) are able to run a given my_script.php file. You can choose any file to run. The PHP scripts you specify do not have to have a .php extension. They can have any file name and extension.

2. Run PHP code directly on the command line.

   php -r "print_r(get_defined_constants());"
   

   When using this method, please pay attention to the shell variables Substitutions and use of quotation marks.

   Note: Please read the above example carefully, there are no start and end markers when running the code! With the -r parameter, these markers are unnecessary and will cause syntax errors.

3. Provide the PHP code that needs to be run through standard input (stdin).
   The above usage provides us with very powerful functions, allowing us to dynamically generate PHP code and run these codes through the command line as shown in the following example:

   $ some_application | some_filter | php | sort -u >final_output.txt

## The above three methods of running code cannot be used at the same time.

Like all shell applications, the PHP binary (php.exe file) and the PHP script it runs can accept a series of parameters. PHP has no limit on the number of arguments passed to a script (the shell has a limit on the number of characters on the command line, but you usually won't exceed that limit). The arguments passed to your script are available in the global variable $argv . The zero-indexed member of this array is the name of the script (when the PHP code comes from standard input and is run directly from the command line with the -r parameter, the name is "-"). In addition, the global variable $argc stores the number of member variables in the $argv array (not the number of parameters passed to the script program).

As long as the parameters you pass to your script do not start with a - symbol, you don't need to pay too much attention. Passing parameters starting with - to your script will cause an error because PHP will think it should handle these parameters itself. You can use the parameter list separator -- to solve this problem. After PHP parses the parameters, all parameters after this symbol will be passed to your script as is.

# 以下命令将不会运行 PHP 代码，而只显示 PHP 命令行模式的使用说明：
$ php -r 'var_dump($argv);' -h
Usage: php [options] [-f]  [args...]
[...]
 
# 以下命令将会把“-h”参数传送给脚本程序，PHP 不会显示命令行模式的使用说明：
$ php -r "var_dump($argv);" -- -h
array(2) {
  [0]=>
  string(1) "-"
  [1]=>
  string(2) "-h"
}

除此之外，我们还有另一个方法将 PHP 用于外壳脚本。您可以在写一个脚本，并在第一行以 #!/usr/bin/php 开头，在其后加上以 PHP 开始和结尾标记符包含的正常的 PHP 代码，然后为该文件设置正确的运行属性。该方法可以使得该文件能够像外壳脚本或 PERL 脚本一样被直接执行。

假设改文件名为 test 并被放置在当前目录下，我们可以做如下操作：

$ chmod 755 test
$ ./test -h -- foo
array(4) {
  [0]=>
  string(6) "./test"
  [1]=>
  string(2) "-h"
  [2]=>
  string(2) "--"
  [3]=>
  string(3) "foo"
}

As you can see, when you pass parameters starting with - to the script, the script still runs normally.

Table 23-3. Command line options

PHP 的命令行模式能使得 PHP 脚本能完全独立于 WEB 服务器单独运行。如果您使用 Unix 系统，您需要在您的 PHP 脚本的最前面加上一行特殊的代码，使得它能够被执行，这样系统就能知道用什么样的程序要运行该脚本。在 Windows 平台下您可以将 php.exe 和 .php 文件的双击属性相关联，您也可以编写一个批处理文件来用 PHP 执行脚本。为 Unix 系统增加的第一行代码不会影响该脚本在 Windows 下的运行，因此您也可以用该方法编写跨平台的脚本程序。以下是一个简单的PHP 命令行程序的范例。

In the above script, we use the first special line of code to indicate that the file should be executed by PHP. We are using the CLI version here, so no HTTP headers will be output. When you write command line applications in PHP, you can use two parameters: $argc and $argv. The value of the previous one is an integer one greater than the number of parameters (the name of the script being run is also considered a parameter). The second one contains an array of parameters, the first element of which is the name of the script, and the subscript is the number 0 ($argv[0]).

In the above program we checked whether the number of parameters is greater than 1 or less than 1. Even if the parameter is --help, -help, -h or -?, we still print out the help information and dynamically output the name of the script at the same time. If other parameters are received, we also display them.

If you want to run the above script under Unix, you need to make it an executable script, and then simply run script.php echothis or script.php -h. Under Windows, you can write a batch file for this:

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