How to set Oracle character set to gbk in php

In the development of PHP, the database is an inevitable link. Oracle is a common relational database management system (RDBMS), which also has corresponding extended support in PHP. But sometimes we encounter some strange problems, such as garbled characters when outputting Chinese in Oracle.

This problem is usually caused by the mismatch between the Chinese character set and the Oracle server character set. When you insert Chinese data into Oracle, Oracle will use its own character set by default, which is the AL32UTF8 character set. If the default character set used by your PHP script is GBK, then Chinese characters will be garbled in Oracle. So, we need to make some settings to solve this problem.

Note: All the following operations need to be performed with administrator privileges.

1. Modify the Oracle character set

First, we need to check the character set supported by Oracle. Open the Oracle client and connect to the database we want to operate. Use the following SQL statement to query the supported character sets:

select * from nls_database_parameters where parameter like '%CHARACTERSET';

If you use Oracle 11g and above, you need to execute the following query:

select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter like '%CHARACTERSET';

You will see a result set that contains All character sets supported by Oracle. We need to change the character set to GBK.

In Oracle, character sets are organized into locale and character set identifier (charset ID). We need to modify the character set when the locale is SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA and the character set identifier is ZHS16GBK. Execute the following SQL statement:

alter system set NLS_CHARACTERSET='ZHS16GBK' scope=spfile;

This command will modify the parameter file (spfile) of the Oracle database server and change the character set to GBK. Restart the Oracle service for the modification to take effect.

2. Modify the PHP character set

Next, we need to modify the character set in PHP to GBK. In PHP, we can use the function iconv_set_encoding() to modify the character set.

We can modify PHP's default character set in PHP's initialization file (php.ini). Find the following two lines:

;default_charset =
;iconv.input_encoding =

Modify them to:

default_charset = "GBK"
iconv.input_encoding = "GBK"

In this way, PHP will use the GBK character set by default.

If your website is set up using a web server such as Apache, you can also modify the PHP character set in the web server configuration file. Add the following instructions to the Apache configuration file:

php_value default_charset "GBK"
php_value iconv.input_encoding "GBK"

Save and restart the Apache service.

3. Test

Now let’s test whether our settings take effect.

Create a new PHP file test.php and enter the following code:

";
    var_dump($row);
    echo "

After executing the file, we will see normal Chinese data output to the screen.

Summary

When operating Oracle database in PHP, Chinese garbled characters are a more difficult problem. By modifying the character sets of Oracle and PHP, we can solve this problem.

It should be noted that the settings involved in this article are only one of the methods. In practical applications, we need to choose the appropriate solution according to the specific situation.

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