MySQL is a popular relational database management system that is widely used in various industries. When installing MySQL, there are two installation methods: binary installation and source code installation. In the binary installation method, there are two methods: normal installation and compressed installation. This article will introduce in detail how to perform MySQL compression installation.
1. Download the MySQL compressed package
First, you need to download the MySQL compressed package from the MySQL official website. When downloading, you should pay attention to selecting the appropriate MySQL version, as well as the appropriate operating system and bit number. When choosing a MySQL version, you should choose it based on your actual needs. For example, if you need a stable version, you can choose the long-term support version (LTS); if you need to try the latest version, you can choose the stable version or the development version.
After downloading the MySQL compressed package, you should perform a security check. When downloading MySQL, special care should be taken to avoid being attacked by malware and viruses during the download process. When downloading, the MD5 or SHA value of the file should be checked to ensure that the file has not been tampered with.
2. Decompress the MySQL compressed package
After downloading the MySQL compressed package, you should decompress it to the specified directory. For Linux systems, MySQL is usually decompressed to the /usr/local or /opt directory. The specific directory can be selected according to your own needs.
The steps to decompress MySQL are as follows:
1. Use tar command to decompress
tar zxvf mysql-x.x.xx.tar.gz
2 .Move the decompressed files to the specified directory
mv mysql-x.x.xx /usr/local/mysql
3. Create MySQL users and groups
In progress Before installing MySQL compression, you need to create a MySQL user and group. This ensures that the permissions of files and directories created by MySQL are correct and allows for better management of the MySQL process.
The steps to create MySQL users and groups are as follows:
1. Create a MySQL group
groupadd mysql
2. Create a MySQL user and add it Go to the MySQL group
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
4. Initialize the MySQL database
Before installing MySQL, you need to initialize the MySQL database . This process will include steps such as creating the MySQL configuration file, initializing the data directory, setting file permissions, and adding the MySQL service. This operation can be completed by running the script provided by MySQL.
The steps to initialize the MySQL database are as follows:
1. Enter the MySQL directory
cd /usr/local/mysql
2. Run the mysql_install_db script
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
5. Configure MySQL service
After completing the MySQL database initialization, you need to modify the MySQL configuration file and configure the MySQL service. The MySQL configuration file is located in /etc/my.cnf or /etc/mysql/my.cnf. The specific file location may vary depending on different distributions. When configuring the MySQL service, you need to pay attention to some important options, such as the MySQL listening address, database storage location, password policy, etc.
The steps to configure the MySQL service are as follows:
1. Copy the MySQL default configuration file
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf / etc/my.cnf
2. Modify the MySQL configuration file
vi /etc/my.cnf
3. Set the password policy
in MySQL configuration In the file, you can set a password policy to increase the security of MySQL. For example, MySQL passwords are required to be at least 8 characters long and must contain uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters. The steps to set the password policy are as follows:
[mysqld]
validate-password=FORCE_PLUS_PERMANENT
validate-password-length=8
validate-password-number-count=1
validate -password-lowercase-count=1
validate-password-uppercase-count=1
validate-password-special-char-count=1
6. Start the MySQL service
After completing the modification of the MySQL configuration file, you can start the MySQL service. Before starting the MySQL service, you should check whether there are permission issues in the MySQL configuration file and data directory. After starting the MySQL service, you should also check for error messages to optimize MySQL performance.
The steps to start the MySQL service are as follows:
1. Start the MySQL service
systemctl start mysqld or service mysql start
2. Set the MySQL service to start automatically Start
systemctl enable mysqld or chkconfig --add mysql or update-rc.d mysql defaults
7. Set the MySQL environment variable
When performing a compressed installation of MySQL , you need to set the MySQL environment variables to facilitate development and management using MySQL. Setting MySQL's environment variables includes setting MySQL's bin path and lib path, and setting MySQL's PATH.
The steps to set MySQL environment variables are as follows:
1. Edit the user’s bashrc file
vi ~/.bashrc
2. Add MySQL Environment variables
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mysql/lib
3. Make environment variables Effective
source ~/.bashrc
8. Install the MySQL client
After the MySQL compression installation, you need to install the MySQL client to facilitate MySQL through the command line operate. The MySQL client includes MySQL command line tools and graphical interfaces, which can be selected according to actual needs.
The steps to install the MySQL client are as follows:
1. Use package management tools such as yum or apt to install
yum install mysql or apt-get install mysql
2. Download and install MySQL graphical management tools, such as MySQL Workbench
9. Conclusion
The MySQL compression installation method is simpler and more flexible than other installation methods. However, you may encounter some problems during the MySQL compression installation process. This article introduces the detailed steps of MySQL compression installation and provides some precautions. I hope readers can install MySQL more smoothly.
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