MySQL is a widely used relational database management system that can be used on various operating systems, including Windows, Linux and macOS. This article will introduce the configuration and installation process of MySQL 5.7 version.
1. Preparation work
Before you start to install MySQL, you need to do some preparation work:
1. Select the MySQL version you want to use. This article introduces MySQL 5.7 version ;
2. Make sure that the computer where MySQL is installed has the following "external dependencies" installed:
You can verify whether these dependencies have been installed by running the following command:
sudo apt-get install libaio1 libaio-dev libnuma1
3. Download MySQL 5.7 version, you can download the binary file from the MySQL official website, or you can download the MySQL software from the software warehouse of the Linux distribution. Package;
4. Back up any existing MySQL databases and configuration files.
2. Start the installation
1. Unzip and install the MySQL package
Select a directory in your system for installing MySQL, we will call it MYSQL_HOME Table of contents. Before further installation steps, you need to extract the downloaded MySQL package files to the MYSQL_HOME directory.
You can use the following command to decompress:
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.25-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql
After decompressing, you need to add the MySQL binary file path to the system path. You can add the following lines to the /etc/profile file:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
2. Create MySQL system users and user groups
MySQL server will use the operating system user to control files and files when running folder access permissions and other operations, so we need to create a user and group in the system to run MySQL.
You can use the following commands to create MySQL system user groups and users:
sudo groupadd mysql sudo useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
3. Create a data directory and modify file and folder permissions
MySQL requires a directory to Store its data files. Here, we will use the MYSQL_HOME/data directory as the MySQL data directory.
You can use the following command to create this directory:
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data
Now, you need to modify this directory to allow the MySQL user to read and write to it:
sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql sudo chmod -R 750 /usr/local/mysql
4. Initialize the MySQL data directory
Use the following command to initialize the MySQL data directory:
sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
This will create the MySQL initialization file and create the mysqld.sock and ibdata1 files in the MYSQL_HOME/data directory.
5. Start the MySQL service
Use the following command to start the MySQL service:
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
6. Modify the MySQL root user password
Use the following command to modify the root user Password:
mysqladmin -u root password NEWPASSWORD
7. Configure MySQL
Now, MySQL has completed the basic configuration and installation. However, you may want to configure it with some customization. You can modify the MySQL configuration by editing the MySQL configuration file.
You can use the following command to open the MySQL configuration file:
sudo nano /etc/mysql/my.cnf
In the configuration file, you can change the MySQL port number, permission settings, log settings, etc.
8. Test MySQL
Use the following command to verify whether MySQL has been successfully installed:
mysql -u root -p
Enter the root user password you just set. If you successfully log in to the MySQL terminal interface, then Indicates that MySQL has been successfully installed.
3. Summary
Through the above steps, the process of installing and configuring MySQL 5.7 in the Linux system is completed. Although the installation and configuration process of MySQL is somewhat complicated, as you gain experience, you will be able to complete the installation and configuration process in a short time and be able to run the MySQL database. During the installation process, if any errors occur, please try to reinstall first and use search engines such as Google to query related solutions.
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