Mysql is a lightweight relational database management system that is widely used in the field of Web development. However, for application scenarios with high concurrency and high writing pressure, how to improve database performance has become an important issue. MySQL implements read-write separation, which is an effective solution to improve database performance.
How does MySQL handle read and write requests?
By default, when a read or write request comes to Mysql, Mysql Server will receive the request and then forward it directly to the storage engine. The storage engine will process it according to the type of request (read request or write request). For read requests, the storage engine will read data directly from memory, while for write requests, the data will be cached in memory and then written to disk asynchronously.
Why do we need to separate reading and writing?
However, as the application scale increases, there will be more and more read and write requests. At this time, the storage engine may have difficulty processing both read requests and write requests. If all read and write requests are handed over to the storage engine for processing, it may cause the server's performance to decline, slow down the response, cause a pile of requests, and affect the normal operation of the application.
Therefore, in order to relieve the pressure on the storage engine and improve the performance of mysql, we can separate read requests and write requests and process them respectively by different servers. This solution is the read and write separation of mysql.
How to realize the separation of reading and writing in mysql?
Mysql's read-write separation mainly includes two parts: Master and Slave. Among them, Master is used to process write requests, and Slave is used to process read requests. The specific implementation process is divided into the following steps:
1. Install the mysql server:
Install the mysql server on both the Master and Slave servers. After the installation is complete, you need to ensure that the mysql server is running.
2. Configure the mysql server
On the Master server, add the following configuration parameters in the my.cnf file so that it can accept read requests from the slave server. In fact, it is to modify the original configuration method and add some new configuration items.
log-bin=mysql-bin server-id=1
On the Slave server, add the following configuration parameters in the my.cnf file so that it can accept the binlog file from the Master server and write it to the slave server.
server-id=2
3. Create a replication account
On the Master server, create a replication account through the following command and grant the corresponding read and write permissions:
CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';
4. Start reading Write separation
On the Slave server, start the read-write separation function of the slave server through the following command:
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='master_server_hostname',MASTER_USER='repl', MASTER_PASSWORD='password', MASTER_LOG_FILE='master_log_file_name', MASTER_LOG_POS=master_log_file_position;
Among them, MASTER_HOST is the host name of the Master server, and MASTER_USER is the replication account name created above. , MASTER_PASSWORD is the password of the replication account, MASTER_LOG_FILE and MASTER_LOG_POS are the binlog file information on the Master server.
5. Check whether read-write separation is working properly
Check whether read-write separation is working properly through the following command:
SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
If both Slave_IO_Running and Slave_SQL_Running are Yes, then Indicates that read-write separation has been successfully implemented.
Summary:
The read and write separation of mysql can effectively improve the performance of mysql and solve the problem of excessive server pressure and slow response when there are too many read and write requests. To achieve read-write separation, you need to install the mysql server on the Master and Slave servers respectively, and configure them accordingly and set parameters. The implementation of read-write separation is very helpful in improving server performance and is a good choice for MySQL users.
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