Rumah >Operasi dan penyelenggaraan >operasi dan penyelenggaraan linux >Ketahui tentang isu sensitiviti huruf besar dalam terminal Linux dan MacOS secara ringkas (dengan kod)
Dalam artikel sebelumnya "Sebuah artikel menerangkan pelaksanaan muat naik dan muat turun ajax tanpa muat semula (penjelasan kod terperinci) ", kami mengetahui tentang pelaksanaan ajax tanpa muat naik dan muat turun semula. Artikel berikut akan membantu anda memahami isu sensitiviti kes dalam terminal Linux dan MacOS. Datang dan lihat.
Buka terminal dan cdpergi ke pengguna home direktori dan masukkan:
echo "set completion-ignore-case on" >> .inputrc
Tutup dan buka semula terminal
Jika anda hanya ingin cepat menyelesaikan masalah di atas, lihat sahaja bahagian ketiga.
Bash dan kebanyakan pustaka shell lain menggunakan perpustakaan Readline sebagai perpustakaan berkaitan input mereka. Pustaka Readline mempunyai beberapa peta kekunci lalai Selain itu, anda juga boleh menyesuaikan peta kunci dengan mengubah suai fail inputrc. Fail
inputrc ialah fail permulaan pustaka Readline Apabila program yang menggunakan Readline sebagai pustaka input dimulakan, ia akan membaca fail konfigurasi inputrc secara automatik dan memulakan fail tersuai. pemetaan papan kekunci. Lokasi fail
inputrc dikawal oleh pembolehubah persekitaran shell daripada INPUTRC Jika pembolehubah ini tidak ditetapkan, laluan lalai bagi fail inputrc ialah ~/.inputrc.
Jika fail ~/.inputrc tidak wujud, peringkat sistem (berkesan untuk semua pengguna) inputrcfail /etc/inputrc akan digunakan. Jika pengguna perlu mengubah suai konfigurasi lalai inputrc sistem, dia boleh menukar ~/.inputrc, yang akan menimpa konfigurasi lalai sistem.
Untuk mendapatkan maklumat tentang cara mengedit fail inputrc, jalankan info bash untuk merujuk bahagian bash halaman info Readline Init File, jalankan info readline untuk merujuk kepada readline memilikiinfoHalaman.
Dalam fail inputrc, terdapat dua konfigurasi: satu ialah pembolehubah inputrc dan satu lagi ialah pemetaan papan kekunci. Ambil perhatian bahawa apabila mengkonfigurasi fail ini, ulasan mesti menduduki baris yang berasingan, jika tidak masalah mungkin berlaku.
konfigurasi pembolehubah inputrc
Sintaks konfigurasi pembolehubah adalah seperti berikut:
set variable value
Pembolehubah dan konfigurasi biasa adalah seperti berikut:
completion-ignore-case #如果设置为开(on)，在自动补全时不区分大小写。该配置默认是关。 show-all-if-ambiguous #这个配置该变了自动补全函数的默认行为。如果设置为开(on)，当自动补全的结果有一个以上时，会直接列出这些结果。如果设置为关(off)，就会提示一个beep蜂鸣声，当再按下tab时才会列出自动补全的结果。默认这项配置为关。 bell-style #Controls what happens when Readline wants to ring the terminal bell. If set to ‘none’, Readline never rings the bell. If set to ‘visible’, Readline uses a visible bell if one is available. If set to ‘audible’ (the default), Readline attempts to ring the terminal's bell. bind-tty-special-chars #If set to ‘on’, Readline attempts to bind the control characters treated specially by the kernel's terminal driver to their Readline equivalents. comment-begin #The string to insert at the beginning of the line when the insert-comment command is executed. The default value is "#". completion-prefix-display-length #When set to a value greater than zero, common prefixes longer than this value are replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions. #e.g. set completion-prefix-display-length 4 completion-query-items #The number of possible completions that determines when the user is asked whether the list of possibilities should be displayed. If the number of possible completions is greater than this value, Readline will ask the user whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise, they are simply listed. This variable must be set to an integer value greater than or equal to 0. A negative value means Readline should never ask. The default limit is 100. convert-meta #If set to ‘on’, Readline will convert characters with the eighth bit set to an ascii key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and prefixing an <ESC> character, converting them to a meta-prefixed key sequence. The default value is ‘on’. disable-completion #If set to ‘On’, Readline will inhibit word completion. Completion characters will be inserted into the line as if they had been mapped to self-insert. The default is ‘off’. editing-mode #The editing-mode variable controls which default set of key bindings is used. By default, Readline starts up in Emacs editing mode, where the keystrokes are most similar to Emacs. This variable can be set to either ‘emacs’ or ‘vi’. echo-control-characters #When set to ‘on’, on operating systems that indicate they support it, readline echoes a character corresponding to a signal generated from the keyboard. The default is ‘on’. enable-keypad #When set to ‘on’, Readline will try to enable the application keypad when it is called. Some systems need this to enable the arrow keys. The default is ‘off’. enable-meta-key #When set to ‘on’, Readline will try to enable any meta modifier key the terminal claims to support when it is called. On many terminals, the meta key is used to send eight-bit characters. The default is ‘on’. expand-tilde #If set to ‘on’, tilde expansion is performed when Readline attempts word completion. The default is ‘off’. history-preserve-point #If set to ‘on’, the history code attempts to place the point (the current cursor position) at the same location on each history line retrieved with previous-history or next-history. The default is ‘off’. history-size #Set the maximum number of history entries saved in the history list. If set to zero, the number of entries in the history list is not limited. horizontal-scroll-mode #This variable can be set to either ‘on’ or ‘off’. Setting it to ‘on’ means that the text of the lines being edited will scroll horizontally on a single screen line when they are longer than the width of the screen, instead of wrapping onto a new screen line. By default, this variable is set to ‘off’. input-meta #If set to ‘on’, Readline will enable eight-bit input (it will not clear the eighth bit in the characters it reads), regardless of what the terminal claims it can support. The default value is ‘off’. The name meta-flag is a synonym for this variable. isearch-terminators #The string of characters that should terminate an incremental search without subsequently executing the character as a command. If this variable has not been given a value, the characters <ESC> and C-J will terminate an incremental search. keymap #Sets Readline's idea of the current keymap for key binding commands. Acceptable keymap names are emacs, emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move, vi-command, and vi-insert. vi is equivalent to vi-command; emacs is equivalent to emacs-standard. The default value is emacs. The value of the editing-mode variable also affects the default keymap. mark-directories #If set to ‘on’, completed directory names have a slash appended. The default is ‘on’. mark-modified-lines #This variable, when set to ‘on’, causes Readline to display an asterisk (*) at the start of history lines which have been modified. This variable is ‘off’ by default. mark-symlinked-directories #If set to ‘on’, completed names which are symbolic links to directories have a slash appended (subject to the value of mark-directories). The default is ‘off’. match-hidden-files #This variable, when set to ‘on’, causes Readline to match files whose names begin with a ‘.’ (hidden files) when performing filename completion, unless the leading ‘.’ is supplied by the user in the filename to be completed. This variable is ‘on’ by default. output-meta #If set to ‘on’, Readline will display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a meta-prefixed escape sequence. The default is ‘off’. page-completions #If set to ‘on’, Readline uses an internal more-like pager to display a screenful of possible completions at a time. This variable is ‘on’ by default. print-completions-horizontally #If set to ‘on’, Readline will display completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical order, rather than down the screen. The default is ‘off’. revert-all-at-newline If set to ‘on’, Readline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when accept-line is executed. By default, history lines can be modified and retain individual undo lists across calls to readline. The default is ‘off’. show-all-if-unmodified #This alters the default behavior of the completion functions in a fashion similar to show-all-if-ambiguous. If set to ‘on’, words which have more than one possible completion without any possible partial completion (the possible completions don't share a common prefix) cause the matches to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell. The default value is ‘off’. skip-completed-text #If set to ‘on’, this alters the default completion behavior when inserting a single match into the line. It's only active when performing completion in the middle of a word. If enabled, readline does not insert characters from the completion that match characters after point in the word being completed, so portions of the word following the cursor are not duplicated. For instance, if this is enabled, attempting completion when the cursor is after the ‘e’ in ‘Makefile’ will result in ‘Makefile’ rather than ‘Makefilefile’, assuming there is a single possible completion. The default value is ‘off’. visible-stats #If set to ‘on’, a character denoting a file's type is appended to the filename when listing possible completions. The default is ‘off’.
Konfigurasi peta kekunci
KonfigurasiinputrcSintaks pembolehubah adalah seperti berikut:
keyname: function-name or macro #keyname必须是英文，可以是Control-u、Control-k等。并且keyname和冒号之间不能有空格，如果有空格会被认为是keyname的一部分。keyname的写法多样，取决于自己的喜好。 #下面是一些键盘映射配置的例子： Control-u: universal-argument C-u is bound to the function universal-argument Meta-Rubout: backward-kill-word M-DEL is bound to the function backward-kill-word Control-o: "> output" C-o is bound to run the macro expressed on the right hand side (that is, to insert the text ‘> output’ into the line) Control-j: menu-complete C-j is bound to cycle through the available tab completions. Control-k: menu-complete-backward C-k is bound to cycle backwards through the available tab completions. "\t": menu-complete Use tab to cycle through all the possible completions. "\C-p": history-search-backward Map control-p to allow search for completions to the current line from your history. e.g. type “git” and then hit control-p to cycle through all the recent git commands. "\ep": history-search-backward Map escape-p to allow search for completions to the current line from your history. e.g. type “git” and then hit escape-p to cycle through all the recent git commands. "\e[A": history-search-backward Map Up arrow to allow search for completions to the current line from your history. e.g. type “git” and then hit UP to cycle through all the recent git commands. "\e[B": history-search-forward Map Down arrow to allow search for completions to the current line from your history. e.g. type “git” and then hit DOWN to cycle back through all the recent git commands. "\C-d": kill-whole-line Map control-d to kill the whole line.
Tetapkan autolengkap di bawah MacOS menjadi tidak peka huruf besar/kecil
Melalui pengenalan di atas, ia sepatutnya lebih daripada cukup untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini. Buka fail ~/.inputrc（ dalam direktori utama pengguna (jika ia tidak wujud, buat fail baharu), dan tambahkan konfigurasi berikut:
# 设置自动补全不区分大小写 set completion-ignore-case on # 当有一个以上自动补全结果时，直接列出，不用beep提示 set show-all-if-ambiguous on
Simpan fail, kemudian mulakan semula baris arahan, dan anda akan mendapati pelengkap automatik Ketidakpekaan kes penuh kini berkuat kuasa. Di antara banyak hasil carian di Internet, anda perlu menambah konfigurasi berikut:
TAB: menu-complete
Tujuan konfigurasi ini ialah selepas menyenaraikan hasil autolengkap, tekan kekunci tab sekali lagi, dan ia akan secara automatik Pilih daripada senarai autolengkap dan bukannya sentiasa menunjukkan senarai autolengkap.
Pembelajaran yang disyorkan: Tutorial pengenalan Mac OS, Tutorial video Linux
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