linux yum command


yum (Yellow dog Updater, Modified) is a Shell front-end package manager in Fedora, RedHat and SUSE.

Based on RPM package management, it can automatically download and install RPM packages from designated servers. It can automatically handle dependencies and install all dependent software packages at once, without the need to download and install them again and again.

yum provides commands to find, install, and delete a certain, a group, or even all software packages, and the commands are concise and easy to remember.

yum syntax

yum [options] [command] [package ...]

  • options:Optional, options include -h (help), -y (when prompted during the installation process, select all "yes"), -q (do not display the installation process), etc.

  • command:The operation to be performed.

  • #packageThe object of the operation.

yum common commands

  • 1. List all updateable software inventory commands: yum check-update

  • 2. Update all software commands: yum update

  • 3. Install only specified software commands: yum install

  • 4. Update only the specified software command: yum update

  • 5. List all installable software command: yum list

  • 6. Delete software package command: yum remove

  • 7. Find software package Command: yum search

  • 8. Clear cache command:

    • yum clean packages: Clear the cache directory Software package

    • yum clean headers: Clear the headers in the cache directory

    • yum clean oldheaders: Clear the old headers in the cache directory

    • yum clean, yum clean all (= yum clean packages; yum clean oldheaders): Clear the software packages and old headers in the cache directory

Instance1

Install pam-devel

[root@www ~]# yum install pam-devel Setting up Install Process Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies <==先检查软件的属性相依问题 --> Running transaction check ---> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: pam = 0.99.6.2-4.el5 for package: pam-devel --> Running transaction check ---> Package pam.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be updated filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 1.6 MB 00:05 filelists.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 138 kB 00:00 -> Finished Dependency Resolution ……(省略)

Instance2

Remove pam-devel

[root@www ~]# yum remove pam-devel Setting up Remove Process Resolving Dependencies <==同样的，先解决属性相依的问题 --> Running transaction check ---> Package pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 set to be erased --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Removing: pam-devel i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 installed 495 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 0 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 1 Package(s) <==还好，并没有属性相依的问题，单纯移除一个软件 Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Erasing : pam-devel ######################### [1/1] Removed: pam-devel.i386 0:0.99.6.2-4.el5 Complete!

Instance3

Use The function of yum is to find out what software names start with pam?

[root@www ~]# yum list pam* Installed Packages pam.i386 0.99.6.2-3.27.el5 installed pam_ccreds.i386 3-5 installed pam_krb5.i386 2.2.14-1 installed pam_passwdqc.i386 1.0.2-1.2.2 installed pam_pkcs11.i386 0.5.3-23 installed pam_smb.i386 1.1.7-7.2.1 installed Available Packages <==底下则是『可升级』的或『未安装』的 pam.i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 base pam-devel.i386 0.99.6.2-4.el5 base pam_krb5.i386 2.2.14-10 base

domestic yum source

NetEase (163) yum source is one of the best yum sources in China, both in terms of speed and software version, it is very good.

Set the yum source to 163 yum, which can improve the speed of software package installation and update, and prevent some common software versions from being found.

Installation steps

First back up /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

Download the corresponding version repo file and put it into /etc/yum. repos.d/(Please make appropriate backup before operation)

  • CentOS5: http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo

  • CentOS6: http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo

Run the following command to generate cache

yum clean all yum makecache

In addition to NetEase, there are other good yum sources in China, such as the University of Science and Technology of China and Sohu.

Yum source of the University of Science and Technology of China, please view the installation method: https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/centos

View the yum source installation method of sohu: http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/centos.html