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Linux system is a stable, safe and efficient operating system. It is developed from the open source Unix operating system, and users can tailor their own system according to their own needs. The Linux system has a series of software packages that can meet various needs of production needs. Among them, the tar package is a very important software package. It can package and compress files, backup files, restore files, and transfer files. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications in Linux systems. This article will introduce you how to install the tar package under Linux system.
1. Overview of tar package
tar (tape archive) is a file compression format under Linux. It can combine multiple files into a single file for backup, or compress a single file or multiple files into a tar package for transmission or storage. The tar package suffix is ".tar". In Linux systems, you can use the tar command to perform operations such as packaging, compression, decompression, and unpacking. Therefore, in Linux systems, we need to learn to use the tar tool.
2. Installation of tar package
In most Linux systems, tar package It has been pre-installed, if not, you need to download and install it.
Under systems such as Redhat, you can use the following command:
yum -y install tar
Under systems such as Debian, you can use the following command:
apt-get install tar
If tar is not pre-installed on your Linux system, you can solve the problem by manually downloading and installing tar.
The steps are as follows:
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/tar/tar-1.27.tar.gz
tar -zxvf tar-1.27.tar.gz
cd tar-1.27 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/tar make && make install
vi /etc/profile
Add the following content to the opened file:
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/tar/bin
Save and exit the vi editor, and then make the configuration file take effect:
source /etc/profile
Next, you can use the tar command to package or compress the file.
3. Operation of tar package
When operating, we first need to package the files or Directories are packaged into a package. Use the -c parameter and -f parameter of the tar command to represent the package and file name respectively. Here is an example of packaging all the files and directories in the /tmp directory into a package named /mydata.tar. The command is:
tar -cvf /mydata.tar /tmp/*
Among them, the c parameter means packaging, and the v parameter means display process, f is followed by the name of the file to be packaged, and /tmp/* indicates all the contents in the specified /tmp directory.
After packaging, we can use gzip, bzip2 and other compression tools to compress the file. Here we take gzip compression as an example. The command is as follows:
gzip /mydata.tar
At this time, the original /mydata.tar file is compressed into a new file mydata.tar.gz.
If you need to decompress the file mydata.tar.gz, use the following command:
tar -zxvf /mydata.tar.gz -C /
Among them, the z parameter represents the gzip format and x represents Decompression, the v parameter indicates the display process, f is followed by the file name to be decompressed, -C indicates decompressing the file to the specified directory, / indicates decompressing to the root directory.
If you need to view the detailed information of a tar package, you can use the following command:
tar -tvf /mydata.tar.gz
where, t means view, v Indicates the display process, f followed by the file to be viewed.
4. Summary
Using tar packages for file management and backup is one of the essential skills for Linux system administrators. Through the introduction of this article, you have mastered the installation, packaging, compression, decompression, viewing and other operations of tar packages, and can easily handle most file management needs. In daily use, by using tarballs, you will better protect your file system.
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