What is the method for SpringBoot to integrate message queue RabbitMQ?

Introduction

In the Spring project, you can use Spring-Rabbit to operate RabbitMQ

Especially in the spring boot project, you only need Just introduce the corresponding amqp starter dependency, conveniently use RabbitTemplate to send messages, and use annotations to receive messages.

Generally during the development process:

Producer project:

• application.yml file configures RabbitMQ related information;

• Write configuration classes in the producer project to create switches and queues, and bind them

• Inject the RabbitTemplate object and send messages to the switch through the RabbitTemplate object

Consumer Engineering:

• application.yml file configuration RabbitMQ related information

• Create message processing class , used to receive messages in the queue and process them

Production end

1. Create the producer SpringBoot project (maven)
2. Introduction Start, dependency coordinates
& lt; dependency & gt;
& lt; group & gt; org.springFramework.Boot & LT;/Groupid & GT;
& LT; ArtiFactid & GT; Spring-Boot-Starter-AMQP & LT;/Artifactid & GT;
& LT; /dependency>

3. Write yml configuration and basic information configuration
4. Define configuration classes for switches, queues and binding relationships
5. Inject RabbitTemplate, call methods, and complete message sending

Add dependencies

Modify the contents of the pom.xml file as follows:

    4.0.0
    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        2.1.4.RELEASE
    
    com.itheima
    springboot-rabbitmq-producer
    1.0-SNAPSHOT
    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-amqp
        
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-test
        
    

Startup class

package com.itheima.rabbitmq;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class);
    }
}

Configure RabbitMQ

Configuration file

Create application.yml with the following content:

spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
virtual-host: / itcast
username: heima
password: heima

Bind switch and queue

Create a configuration class for binding RabbitMQ queue and switch com.itheima.rabbitmq.config .RabbitMQConfig

package com.itheima.rahhitmq.config;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration /// 配置类
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    public static final String EXCHAGE_NAME = "boot_topic_exchange";
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "boot_queue";
    // 交换机
    @Bean("bootExchange")
    public Exchange bootExchange(){
        // 构建交换机对象
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(EXCHAGE_NAME).durable(true).build();
    }
    //Queue 队列
    @Bean("bootQueue")
    public Queue bootQueue(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_NAME).build();
    }
    //队列和交换机的关系 Binding
    /**
     * 1 知道那个队列
     * 2 知道那个交换机
     * 3 routingKey
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindQueueExchange(@Qualifier("bootQueue") Queue queue, @Qualifier("bootExchange") Exchange exchange){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("boot.#").noargs();
    }
}

Build a consumer project

Create a project

Production end

1. Create a producer SpringBoot project

2. Introduce start, dependency coordinates

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-amqp

Write yml configuration, basic information configuration
Define switches, queues and The configuration class of the binding relationship
Inject RabbitTemplate, call the method, and complete the message sending

Add dependency

Modify the content of the pom.xml file as follows:

    4.0.0
    
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-starter-parent
        2.1.4.RELEASE
    
    com.itheima
    springboot-rabbitmq-consumer
    1.0-SNAPSHOT
    
        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-amqp
        
    

Start the class

package com.itheima.rabbitmq;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class);
    }
}

Configure RabbitMQ

Create application.yml with the following content:

spring:
rabbitmq:
host: localhost
port: 5672
virtual-host: /itcast
username: heima
password: heima

Message listening processing class

Write message listener com.itheima.rabbitmq .listener.MyListener

package com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MyListener {
    /**
     * 监听某个队列的消息
     * @param message 接收到的消息
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = "item_queue")
    public void myListener1(String message){
        System.out.println("消费者接收到的消息为：" + message);
    }
}

Test

Create a test class in the producer project springboot-rabbitmq-producer and send the message:

package com.itheima.rabbitmq;
import com.itheima.rabbitmq.config.RabbitMQConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitMQTest {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    @Test
    public void test(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE, "item.insert", "商品新增，routing key 为item.insert");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE, "item.update", "商品修改，routing key 为item.update");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.ITEM_TOPIC_EXCHANGE, "item.delete", "商品删除，routing key 为item.delete");
    }
}

First run the above test program (switch and The queue can be declared and bound first), and then the consumer is started; check whether the corresponding message is received on the console in the consumer project springboot-rabbitmq-consumer.

SpringBoot provides a way to quickly integrate RabbitMQ

The basic information is configured in yml, the queue interactive machine and the binding relationship are configured using Beans in the configuration class

Production The end directly injects RabbitTemplate to complete message sending

The consumer end directly uses @RabbitListener to complete message receiving

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