linux view system information

How to view system information on Linux: 1. View CPU information. Use the lscpu command to display detailed CPU information, including architecture, model, number of cores, number of threads, etc. You can also view it with the cat /proc/cpuinfo command. Detailed information about the CPU and the specific configuration of each core; 2. View memory information. Use the free -h command to view memory usage, including total memory, used memory, free memory, etc., in a human-readable format. Show etc.

Viewing system information on Linux is a topic that covers a wide range of content, including hardware information, software information, network configuration, system status and other aspects. The following will introduce in detail how to view various system information in Linux systems, including using command line tools, configuration files, and graphical interface tools.

1. Check the hardware information

1. Check the CPU information

• Use the lscpu command to display the CPU information Detailed information, including architecture, model, number of cores, number of threads, etc.
• The cat /proc/cpuinfo command can also view the detailed information of the CPU and the specific configuration of each core.

2. View memory information

• Use the free -h command to view memory usage, including total memory, used memory, and free memory memory, etc., and displayed in human-readable format (such as G, M).
• The cat /proc/meminfo command can display more detailed memory information.

3. Check hard disk information

• Use the df -h command to check the usage of each hard disk partition.
• The lsblk command can list information about all available block devices, including hard disks, partitions, etc.
• The fdisk -l command can view the partition table information of the hard disk.

4. View network card information

• Use the ifconfig or ip addr command to view the configuration information of the network card, including IP address and subnet mask. , MAC address, etc.
• lshw -class network command can display more detailed network card hardware information.

2. Check software information

1. Check operating system information

• Use uname - The a command can check the kernel version, host name and other information of the operating system.
• The cat /etc/os-release or cat /etc/*release* command can display the release version information of the operating system.

2. View installed software packages

• For systems that use RPM package managers (such as CentOS, Fedora), you can use rpm The -qa command lists all installed packages.
• For systems using the Debian package manager (such as Ubuntu), you can use the dpkg -l command to list installed packages.

3. View running processes

• #Use the ps command to view the currently running process information, and combine it with the grep command to filter out specific Process information.
• The top or htop command can display the resource usage of each process in the system in real time.

3. Check the system status

1. Check the system load

• Use the uptime command. View the system's uptime, number of users, and load average. The
• w command can also display similar information and list currently logged in users and their activities.

2. Check the system log

• Linux system logs are usually saved in the /var/log directory. You can use cat, tail, less Wait for the command to view these log files.
• journalctl command can view systemd logs, which is very useful for systems using systemd.

3. Check network status

• Use the netstat command to view network connections, routing tables, interface statistics and other information.
• The ss command is a replacement for netstat, with similar functions but better performance.
• The nload or iftop command can display the traffic status of the network interface in real time.

4. Graphical interface tools

In addition to command line tools, Linux also provides some graphical interface tools to view system information. These tools are usually more intuitive. Easy to use.

1. GNOME System Monitor

For Linux distributions using the GNOME desktop, GNOME System Monitor is a built-in system monitoring tool that can display the usage of CPU, memory, network and other resources.

2. KDE System Guard

For Linux distributions using the KDE desktop, KDE System Guard provides similar system monitoring functions.

3. HardInfo

HardInfo is a powerful system information viewing tool that can display hardware details, performance test results, etc.

5. Notes

When viewing system information, you need to pay attention to the following points:

1. Permission issues: Some system information or Configuration files may require specific permissions to view or modify, such as root permissions. Please make sure you have sufficient permissions when using related commands or tools.

2. Command parameters: Most commands support a variety of parameters and options. You can learn more details by viewing the command's man page (using the man command).

3. Differences in multiple distributions: Different Linux distributions may have differences in commands, configuration files, etc., so in actual operations, adjustments need to be made according to the distribution used.

In short, Linux provides a wealth of tools and methods to view system information. By combining command line tools and graphical interface tools, you can easily obtain the required system information and perform corresponding management and optimization.

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