Use C++ to develop PHP7/8 extensions to optimize your website performance

Use C to develop PHP7/8 extensions and optimize your website performance

Introduction:
In modern web development, high performance and low latency are every The biggest concern for website developers. PHP is a dynamic language. Although it is easy to use and develop, its performance may not be satisfactory when handling a large number of concurrent requests. To solve this problem, we can use C to develop extensions to PHP for higher performance and lower latency. This article will introduce how to use C to develop PHP7/8 extensions, and provide some code examples to help you optimize your website performance.

1. Create PHP extension project
   First, we need to create a PHP extension project for development. We can use the ext_skel tool provided in the PHP source code to quickly create an extended template. Open the terminal, enter your project directory, and execute the following command:

phpize
./configure --enable-你的扩展名称
make
make install

After executing the above command, you will see that a file named your extension name.so is generated. dynamic link library file, that is, our extension has been successfully compiled and installed.

2. Writing C Code
   In this step, we will use C to write our extension code. Create a file named your extension.cpp and write your C code in it. Let's look at a sample code to implement a simple string reversal function:

#include <php.h>
#include <zend_exceptions.h>

// 函数声明
PHP_FUNCTION(reverse_string);

// 扩展函数列表
const zend_function_entry extension_functions[] = {
    PHP_FE(reverse_string, NULL)
    PHP_FE_END
};

// 扩展信息
zend_module_entry extension_module_entry = {
    STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER,
    "你的扩展名称",
    extension_functions,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    "1.0",
    STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES
};

// 扩展初始化
ZEND_GET_MODULE(extension)

// 反转字符串函数实现
PHP_FUNCTION(reverse_string) {
    char *str;
    size_t str_len;

    // 参数解析
    if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "s", &str, &str_len) == FAILURE) {
        RETURN_NULL();
    }

    // 字符串反转
    zend_string *result = zend_string_alloc(str_len, 0);
    for (size_t i = 0, j = str_len - 1; i < str_len; i++, j--) {
        ZSTR_VAL(result)[j] = str[i];
    }

    RETURN_STR(result);
}

3. Configuring the extension
   In order for PHP to load our extension, we need to configure it in php.ini Add the following configuration to the file:

extension=你的扩展名称.so

Save and close the php.ini file, then restart your PHP server for the configuration to take effect.

4. Using extensions in PHP
   Now that we have completed the development and installation of the extension, we can use our extension in PHP. Let's look at a simple example using the reverse string function we defined earlier:

<?php
$result = reverse_string("Hello, world!");
echo $result;  // 输出 "!dlrow ,olleH"
?>

In the above example, we called our extension function reverse_string(), and assign the result to the variable $result, and finally output the reversed string.

Conclusion:
By using C to develop PHP7/8 extensions, we can greatly improve the performance and response speed of the website. This article describes the steps on how to create a PHP extension project, write C code, configure the extension, and use the extension in PHP, and provides a simple example code for the reverse string function. By mastering these technologies, we can develop more high-performance extensions in actual projects to optimize our website performance. I hope this article has been helpful to you in optimizing website performance.

Reference link:

• [PHP official document](https://www.php.net/)
• [PHP extension development manual](https: //www.php.net/manual/en/internals2.php)

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