Collection.find() always returns all fields in MongoDB?

You can use the following syntax to return specific fields from collection.find().

Case 1 - The syntax is as follows -

db.yourCollectionName.find({},{"yourFieldName":1}).pretty();

Setting the field name above to 1 means it will only return that field. If set to 0, it returns all fields except the field set to 0.

Case 2 - The syntax is as follows -

db.yourCollectionName.find({},{"yourFieldName":0}).pretty();

To understand the above syntax, let us create a collection using document. The query to create a collection using documents is as follows -

> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.insertOne({"StudentName":"John","StudentAge":23,"TechnicalSubject":["MongoDB","MySQL"]});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566")
}
> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.insertOne({"StudentName":"Mike","StudentAge":24,"TechnicalSubject":["Java","Python"]});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567")
}
> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.insertOne({"StudentName":"Sam","StudentAge":22,"TechnicalSubject":["C","C++"]});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568")
}
> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.insertOne({"StudentName":"Carol","StudentAge":20,"TechnicalSubject":["DataStructure","Algorithm"]});
{
   "acknowledged" : true,
   "insertedId" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569")
}

Display all the documents in the collection with the help of find() method. The query is as follows -

> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.find().pretty();

The following is the output -

{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566"),
   "StudentName" : "John",
   "StudentAge" : 23,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "MongoDB",
      "MySQL"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567"),
   "StudentName" : "Mike",
   "StudentAge" : 24,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "Java",
      "Python"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568"),
   "StudentName" : "Sam",
   "StudentAge" : 22,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "C",
      "C++"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569"),
   "StudentName" : "Carol",
   "StudentAge" : 20,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "DataStructure",
      "Algorithm"
   ]
}

Case 1 - This is the query where you will return a specific field.

The query is as follows -

> db.returnFieldInFindDemo.find().pretty();

Output:

{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566"),
   "StudentName" : "John",
   "StudentAge" : 23,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "MongoDB",
      "MySQL"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567"),
   "StudentName" : "Mike",
   "StudentAge" : 24,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "Java",
      "Python"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568"),
   "StudentName" : "Sam",
   "StudentAge" : 22,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "C",
      "C++"
   ]
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569"),
   "StudentName" : "Carol",
   "StudentAge" : 20,
   "TechnicalSubject" : [
      "DataStructure",
      "Algorithm"
   ]
}

Looking at the example output above, I have initialized the "TechnicalSubject" field to 1. This means it will only return the "TechnicalSubject" field from all documents.

Case 2

Case 2

strong> - In the second case, if you set the "TechnicalSubject" field to 0, it means you will Get all fields except "TechnicalSubject".

The query is as follows -

> db.retunFieldInFindDemo.find({},{"TechnicalSubject":0}).pretty();

The following is the output:

{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566"),
   "StudentName" : "John",
   "StudentAge" : 23
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567"),
   "StudentName" : "Mike",
   "StudentAge" : 24
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568"),
   "StudentName" : "Sam",
   "StudentAge" : 22
}
{
   "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569"),
   "StudentName" : "Carol",
   "StudentAge" : 20
}

Case 3 - As you know if you just use find() then it All fields will be returned.

The query is as follows -

> db.retunFieldInFindDemo.find();

The following is the output:

{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebfe72f684a30fbdfd566"), "StudentName" : "John", "StudentAge" : 23, "TechnicalSubject" : [ "MongoDB", "MySQL" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ebffd2f684a30fbdfd567"), "StudentName" : "Mike", "StudentAge" : 24, "TechnicalSubject" : [ "Java", "Python" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec00f2f684a30fbdfd568"), "StudentName" : "Sam", "StudentAge" : 22, "TechnicalSubject" : [ "C", "C++" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8ec0292f684a30fbdfd569"), "StudentName" : "Carol", "StudentAge" : 20, "TechnicalSubject" : [ "DataStructure", "Algorithm" ] }

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