How to handle high concurrent requests in PHP

How to handle high concurrent requests in PHP

With the development of the Internet, the number of user visits to various websites continues to increase, especially during some popular events or major promotions During this period, concurrent user requests to the website will increase significantly. For websites developed using PHP, how to handle high concurrent requests is a difficult problem that needs to be solved. This article will introduce some experiences and methods of handling high concurrent requests in PHP, and give corresponding code examples.

1. Use Caching to Reduce Server Stress

Caching is a common way to improve website performance. When processing high concurrent requests, frequently accessed data can be cached to reduce the frequency of database access. In PHP, caching technologies such as Memcache or Redis can be used to achieve this.

The following is a sample code that uses Memcache to cache data:

// 连接Memcache服务器
$memcache = new Memcache;
$memcache->connect('127.0.0.1', 11211);

// 尝试从缓存中读取数据
$data = $memcache->get('key');

// 如果缓存中不存在数据，则从数据库中获取
if(!$data) {
    $data = $db->query('SELECT * FROM table')->fetchAll();
    
    // 将数据缓存至Memcache，过期时间设为10分钟
    $memcache->set('key', $data, 0, 600);
}

// 使用数据处理业务逻辑
// ...

2. Use asynchronous processing to improve concurrency

When the number of concurrent requests increases, Processing each request synchronously results in a waste of server resources. Asynchronous processing techniques can be used to improve concurrency. In PHP, you can use extensions such as swoole and Workerman to implement asynchronous processing.

The following is a sample code that uses the swoole extension to handle asynchronous requests:

// 创建一个异步HTTP服务器
$http = new swoole_http_server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

// 添加请求处理逻辑
$http->on('request', function($request, $response) {
    // 异步处理请求
    swoole_coroutine::create(function() use($request, $response) {
        // 处理业务逻辑
        $data = doSomething($request->get['param']);
        
        // 返回结果
        $response->end($data);
    });
});

// 启动服务器
$http->start();

3. Use load balancing to offload requests

Load balancing is a way to The method of offloading concurrent requests to multiple servers can effectively reduce the pressure on a single server. You can use software such as Nginx or LVS for load balancing configuration.

The following is an example configuration using Nginx to implement simple load balancing:

http {
    upstream backend {
        server 192.168.0.1;
        server 192.168.0.2;
        server 192.168.0.3;
    }
    
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name example.com;
        
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend;
        }
    }
}

The above are some of the experiences and methods for handling high concurrent requests in PHP. In addition, you can also improve the website's concurrency capabilities by optimizing database queries, using CDN and other methods. In practical applications, appropriate methods need to be selected for optimization and processing according to specific circumstances.

In short, high concurrent requests are a challenge for PHP websites, but through reasonable processing and optimization, we can improve the performance and concurrency of the website and provide users with a better access experience.

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