How to implement request rate limiting and prevent malicious requests in FastAPI

How to implement request rate limiting and prevent malicious requests in FastAPI

Introduction: In web development, we often encounter situations where requests are frequent, malicious, or too many requests. These situations may be harmful to Servers create stress and even security risks. In FastAPI, we can increase the stability and security of the server by implementing request rate limiting and preventing malicious requests. This article will introduce how to implement request rate limiting and prevent malicious requests in FastAPI, as well as the corresponding code examples.

1. Request rate limit
Request rate limit refers to limiting the client's requests, limiting the frequency and number of requests, to prevent the server from crashing due to too many requests or causing performance damage due to frequent requests. decline. In FastAPI, we can use the fastapi-limiter library to implement the request rate limiting function.

1. Install dependent libraries

   pip install fastapi-limiter

2. Add request rate limiting middleware in the FastAPI application

   from fastapi import FastAPI
   from fastapi_limiter import FastAPILimiter
   
   app = FastAPI()
   
   @app.on_event("startup")
   async def startup_event():
    # 设置请求速率限制，例如每分钟最多10个请求
    await FastAPILimiter.init()
   
   @app.on_event("shutdown")
   async def shutdown_event():
    # 关闭请求限速
    await FastAPILimiter.shutdown()
   
   @app.get("/api/users")
   async def get_users():
    return {"result": "success"}

Through the above code, we can limit up to 10 /api/users requests per minute. Requests exceeding the limit will be rejected.

2. Preventing malicious requests
Preventing malicious requests refers to identifying and rejecting malicious requests to prevent attacks on the server. In FastAPI, we can use the rebound library to implement the function of preventing malicious requests.

1. Install dependent libraries

   pip install rebound

2. Add a decorator to prevent malicious requests in the FastAPI application

   from fastapi import FastAPI
   from rebound.decorators import client_rate_limit
   
   app = FastAPI()
   
   @app.get("/api/users")
   @client_rate_limit(max_requests=10, interval_seconds=60)
   async def get_users():
    return {"result": "success"}

Through the above code, we can limit each client to send a maximum of 10 /api/users requests within 60 seconds. Requests exceeding the limit will be rejected.

Summary:
By using the middleware and third-party libraries provided by FastAPI, we can easily implement request rate limiting and prevent malicious requests. In actual web development, request rate limiting and methods to prevent malicious requests should be used appropriately according to specific scenarios and needs, thereby improving the stability and security of the server.

The above is an introduction on how to implement request rate limiting and prevent malicious requests in FastAPI. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.

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