How to deal with website anti-crawler strategies: Tips for PHP and phpSpider!

How to deal with website anti-crawler strategies: Coping tips for PHP and phpSpider!

With the development of the Internet, more and more websites are beginning to take anti-crawler measures to protect their data. For developers, encountering anti-crawler strategies may prevent the crawler program from running properly, so some skills are needed to deal with it. In this article, I will share some coping skills with PHP and phpSpider for your reference.

1. Disguise request header

One of the main goals of a website’s anti-crawler strategy is to identify crawler requests. In order to deal with this strategy, we can disguise ourselves as the browser user by modifying the request header. The following is an example of modifying the request header through PHP code:

$url = 'https://example.com';
$opts = array(
    'http' => array(
        'header' => 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/89.0.4389.82 Safari/537.36',
    ),
);
$context = stream_context_create($opts);
$response = file_get_contents($url, false, $context);

The above code will send the request with the specified User-Agent field, so that the website cannot easily identify that our request is from a crawler.

2. Handling Cookies

Many websites use cookies to verify the identity of users and can also be used to determine whether the request comes from a legitimate user. In order to properly access this type of website, we need to process cookies. Here is the sample code for using cookies in phpSpider:

$spider = new phpspider();
$spider->cookie = 'user=123456';
$spider->on_fetch_url = function ($url, &$html, $spider)
{
    $html = curl_request($url, false, $spider->cookie);
    return true;
};
$spider->start();

In the above code, we set the cookie value to user=123456 and pass it as a parameter when requesting the web page. In this way, the website will think that we are a legitimate user.

3. Use proxy IP

The website will also determine the legitimacy of the request based on the IP address. To deal with this situation, we can use proxy IP to hide the real IP. Here is the sample code for using proxy IP in phpSpider:

$spider = new phpspider();
$spider->proxy = '127.0.0.1:8888';
$spider->on_fetch_url = function ($url, &$html, $spider)
{
    $html = curl_request($url, false, false, $spider->proxy);
    return true;
};
$spider->start();

In the above code, we set the proxy IP to 127.0.0.1:8888 and use it as Parameter passing. This way, the website cannot identify our request by IP address.

To sum up, the above are several PHP and phpSpider techniques to deal with website anti-crawler strategies. Of course, these are just some basic methods, and specific strategies must be adjusted according to different websites. In order to be able to run the crawler program normally, we also need to continue to learn and explore. I hope this article can be helpful to everyone!

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