How to set up a virtualization environment (such as KVM) on Linux

How to set up a virtualization environment (such as KVM) on Linux

Virtualization technology plays a vital role in the computer field, it can help us run multiple virtual machines on one computer , thereby improving the utilization efficiency of hardware resources. This article will introduce how to set up a virtualization environment on Linux, using KVM as an example and providing some code examples.

KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a virtualization solution based on the Linux kernel, which can provide high performance and low overhead through hardware virtualization extensions. The following will be divided into three steps to introduce how to set up a KVM virtualization environment on Linux.

Step One: Check Hardware Virtualization Support

Before performing KVM virtualization, you first need to ensure that the system's CPU supports hardware virtualization. You can check it with the following command:

egrep -c '(svm|vmx)' /proc/cpuinfo

If the output result is greater than 0, it means that the system supports hardware virtualization; if the result is 0, it means that the system does not support hardware virtualization and KVM virtualization cannot be used.

Step 2: Install KVM related software packages

Before installing KVM, you need to install some related software packages. The specific steps are as follows:

1. Run the following command in the terminal to update the software source:

sudo apt update

2. Then install the KVM related software package:

sudo apt install -y qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon-system libvirt-clients bridge-utils virt-manager

Step 3: Create and manage virtual machines

Once the installation is complete, we can use KVM to create and manage virtual machines. The following are some commonly used KVM command examples:

1. Create a virtual machine:

virt-install --name myvm --ram 2048 --vcpus 2 --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/myvm.qcow2,size=20 --graphics none --network bridge=br0 --os-type linux --os-variant ubuntu18.04 --location 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic/main/installer-amd64/' --extra-args 'console=ttyS0,115200n8 serial'

The above command will create a virtual machine named myvm, set the memory to 2048MB, and set the virtual machine to 2048MB. There are 2 CPUs, the hard disk size is 20GB, and the network connection uses bridge mode. Relevant parameters can be modified as needed.

2. Start the virtual machine:

virsh start myvm

This command will start the virtual machine named myvm.

3. Shut down and delete the virtual machine:

virsh destroy myvm  # 关闭虚拟机
virsh undefine myvm  # 删除虚拟机

The above commands are used to shut down and delete the virtual machine named myvm respectively.

4. View virtual machine list:

virsh list --all

This command will display a list of all virtual machines, including running and powered off virtual machines.

To summarize, this article explains how to set up a virtualization environment (such as KVM) on Linux and provides some code examples. I hope these contents can help readers understand and use KVM virtualization technology. The development of virtualization technology has brought greater convenience and flexibility to the computer field. I believe that as technology continues to advance, it will play a more important role in the future.

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