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With the wide application of Linux operating system in enterprises, the demand for optimization of its services is getting higher and higher. This article will introduce common service optimization guidelines in Linux systems to help enterprises better operate, maintain and manage Linux systems.
Linux systems come pre-installed with many service programs, some of which may not be used by enterprises. Disabling unnecessary services can reduce system resource consumption and reduce system security vulnerabilities.
For example, if an enterprise does not need to use the FTP service, it can improve the security and response speed of the system by disabling the FTP service. The method is to enter the following command in the terminal:
systemctl stop vsftpd.service # Stop vsftpd service
systemctl disable vsftpd.service # Disable vsftpd service
Many performance parameters in Linux systems can be optimized by changing kernel parameters to support better performance and response time. For example, the kernel's read and write buffers can be increased to speed up data reading and writing.
You can use the sysctl command to modify kernel parameters. For example, to modify the TCP connection timeout and maximum TCP window, you can add the following parameters to the /etc/sysctl.conf file:
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling = 1
Then use the following command to reload the sysctl.conf file and apply the changes:
sysctl -p
The file system is an important part of the storage system and has a direct impact on the performance and security of the system. Linux systems provide a variety of file systems, such as Ext4, XFS, Btrfs, etc. Enterprises should choose the most appropriate file system based on storage needs, configure and optimize it. For example, when using an SSD solid state drive, using the Ext4 file system will be more efficient than other file systems.
The system log is a file that records the system operating status and errors. It is usually stored in the /var/log directory. When the log file is too large, it will occupy too much disk space and affect system performance. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the system log regularly. You can use the following command to clean it:
journalctl --vacuum-size=100M # Delete log files larger than 100M
Firewall is an important tool for protecting Linux servers. It can improve the security of the server by blocking unauthorized access and restricting inbound and outbound traffic. In Linux systems, you can use tools such as iptables and firewalld to configure firewall rules.
For example, using iptables you can allow traffic from a specified IP address with the following command:
iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.1.100 -j ACCEPT
SELinux is a security subsystem that provides access control and security policies to prevent unauthorized access and malicious operations. In Linux systems, SELinux is enabled by default, but some companies may disable it for some reasons. If your enterprise needs to use SELinux, you can enable it with the following command:
setenforce 1
System and software patches It is a means to solve security vulnerabilities and defects, so regular updates are an important measure to protect Linux systems. In Linux systems, you can use package managers such as yum and apt-get to update software packages and system patches to enhance the security and stability of the system.
Summary:
Linux system is a common server operating system in enterprises. Optimizing and managing Linux system services is crucial to the stability, performance and security of enterprises. This article introduces some common service optimization guidelines in Linux systems, including disabling unnecessary services, adjusting kernel parameters, using efficient file systems, regularly cleaning system logs, using firewalls to protect servers, enabling SELinux on demand, and regularly updating systems and software. patch. Enterprises can choose corresponding optimization guides based on their needs to improve the operation, maintenance, management and security of their Linux systems.
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