How to perform distributed transaction processing in ThinkPHP6?

With the development of the Internet and the continuous expansion of application scenarios, the requirements for system performance and reliability are becoming higher and higher. In complex business scenarios, multiple services often need to be completed collaboratively, which requires distributed transactions to be processed. This article will introduce how to perform distributed transaction processing in ThinkPHP6.

1. The basic concept of distributed transactions

1. Distributed transactions

A distributed system refers to programs and data resources on multiple computers, conducted through the network Connect and communicate, and collaborate to complete a task. In this case, if multiple transactions need to involve multiple resources, distributed transaction coordination is required. Distributed transactions refer to transactions completed collaboratively by multiple transactions and need to meet ACID properties.

2.ACID attributes

In the database, ACID refers to the four attributes of atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability.

Atomicity: Refers to the fact that a transaction is an indivisible unit of work, either completely completed or not completed at all, and there is no partial completion.

Consistency: refers to the state of the database must remain consistent before and after the transaction is executed. For example, in a transfer transaction, the sum of the account balances remains unchanged before and after the transfer is executed.

Isolation: When multiple transactions are executed in parallel, the execution of one transaction should not be interfered by other transactions.

Durability: means that once a transaction is submitted, its results should be permanently stored in the database.

2. Implementation of distributed transactions in ThinkPHP6

1. Issues with distributed transactions

In traditional relational databases, the implementation of distributed transactions requires the use of two Phase Commit (2PC) protocol, but this method has some problems, such as single point of failure, performance bottleneck, etc. Therefore, in big data and high-concurrency application scenarios, other methods need to be used to implement distributed transactions.

2. Distributed transaction solution

To perform distributed transaction processing in ThinkPHP6, you can use the open source seata middleware. seata divides the application into three roles, namely TC ( Transaction Coordinator), TM (Transaction Manager) and RM (Resource Manager):

TC (Transaction Coordinator): Transaction coordinator, responsible for coordinating the resources of the distributed transaction module and achieving transaction consistency.

TM (Transaction Manager): Transaction manager, responsible for transaction opening, submission, rollback and other transaction-related operations.

RM (Resource Manager): Resource manager, responsible for managing resources, such as database operations, MQ operations, etc.

3. Use of seata

Before using seata, you need to install and configure seata, including creating TC, RM and other resources. After the installation and configuration are completed, you can use seata to process distributed transactions. The specific steps are as follows:

(1) Introduce seata’s dependency library

<!-- seata依赖库 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
    <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
    <version>${seata.version}</version>
</dependency>

(2) Configure seata’s File

In the module that requires distributed transactions, the following configuration needs to be added to application.properties:

# 配置seata的全局事务ID生成器
seata.tx-service-group=my_group
# type，AT表示AT模式，XA表示XA模式
seata.tx-type=AT
# 自动代理数据源
seata.autoproxy.datasource=true

(3) At the beginning of the transaction, enable it globally

At the beginning of the transaction, you need to enable it globally:

// 开启全局事务
GlobalTransactionContext.begin(transactionName);

(4) Using RM in the transaction

When using RM in the transaction (such as database RDMS), you need to use the agent provided by seata , manage resources:

// 使用代理获取connection
conn = ((DataSourceProxy) dataSource).getConnection();

(5) At the end of the transaction, perform a global commit

At the end of the transaction, a global commit is required:

// 提交全局事务
GlobalTransactionContext.getCurrentOrCreate().commit();

Because seata will The content of distributed transactions is encapsulated in middleware, so when using seata, business logic and distributed transaction processing can be separated to facilitate management and maintenance.

3. Summary

This article combines ThinkPHP6 and seata middleware to introduce the process of distributed transactions in a distributed system and the use of seata middleware. In actual applications, it is necessary to choose between performance and reliability according to specific business scenarios for distributed transaction processing.

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