首先搭建SpringBoot项目,在POM XML文件中添加如下依赖
<依赖> <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactid></依赖><依赖> <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid> <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid></依赖>
修改配置文件,添加如下RabbitMQ配置
服务器: port: 8888 # 设置端口号Spring: rabbitMQ: host: 127.0.0.1 # 设置 RabbitMQ 的主机 port: 5672 # 设置 RabbitMQ 服务端口 username: guest # 设置 RabbitMQ 用户名 password: guest # 设置 RabbitMQ 密码
新的公共常量类
public interface RabbitConstant { /** * 简单模式 */ String SIMPLE_QUEUE_NAME = "simple_queue"; /** * 工作模式 */ String WORK_QUEUE_NAME = "work_queue"; /** * 发布/订阅模式 */ String PUBLISH_SUBSCRIBE_EXCHANGE_NAME = "publish_subscribe_exchange"; 字符串 PUBLISH_SUBSCRIBE_FIRST_QUEUE_NAME = "publish_subscribe_first_queue"; 字符串 PUBLISH_SUBSCRIBE_SECOND_QUEUE_NAME = "publish_subscribe_second_queue"; /** * 路由模式 */ String ROUTING_EXCHANGE_NAME = "routing_exchange"; 字符串 ROUTING_FIRST_QUEUE_NAME = "routing_first_queue"; 字符串 ROUTING_SECOND_QUEUE_NAME = "routing_second_queue"; 字符串 ROUTING_THIRD_QUEUE_NAME = "routing_third_queue"; 字符串 ROUTING_FIRST_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY_NAME = "routing_first_queue_routing_key"; 字符串 ROUTING_SECOND_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY_NAME = "routing_second_queue_routing_key"; 字符串 ROUTING_THIRD_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY_NAME = "routing_third_queue_routing_key"; /** * 主题模式 */ String TOPICS_EXCHANGE_NAME = "topics_exchange"; 字符串 TOPICS_FIRST_QUEUE_NAME = "topics_first_queue"; 字符串 TOPICS_SECOND_QUEUE_NAME = " 字符串 TOPICS_THIRD_QUEUE_NAME = "topics_third_queue"; String TOPICS_FIRST_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY = "topics.first.routing.key"; String TOPICS_SECOND_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY = "topics.second.routing.key"; String TOPICS_THIRD_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY = "topics.third.routing.key"; 字符串 TOPICS_ROUTING_KEY_FIRST_WILDCARD = "#.first.#"; 字符串 TOPICS_ROUTING_KEY_SECOND_WILDCARD = "*.second.#"; 字符串 TOPICS_ROUTING_KEY_THRID_WILDCARD = "*.third.*"; /** * 标题模式 */ String HEADER_EXCHANGE_NAME = "header_exchange"; 字符串 HEADER_FIRST_QUEUE_NAME = "header_first_queue"; 字符串 HEADER_SECOND_QUEUE_NAME = "header_second_queue"; /** * rpc 模式 */ String RPC_QUEUE_NAME = "rpc_queue"; }
添加一个Controller请求类(用于验证结果,最后可以添加)
导入 com.example.rabbitmq.constant.RabbitConstant; 导入 org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; 导入 org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties; 导入 org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate; 导入 org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 导入 org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; 导入 org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; 导入 java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;@RestController public class RabbitController { @Autowired private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate; @GetMapping(value = "/simple") public void simple() { rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.SIMPLE_QUEUE_NAME, "你好世界!"); } @GetMapping(value = "/work") public void work() { rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.WORK_QUEUE_NAME, "work hello!"); } @GetMapping(value = "/pubsub") public void pubsub() { rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.PUBLISH_SUBSCRIBE_EXCHANGE_NAME, null, "发布/订阅你好"); } @GetMapping(value = "/routing") public void routing() { // 向第一个队列发送消息 rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.ROUTING_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConstant.ROUTING_FIRST_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY_NAME, "路由你好"); } @GetMapping(value = "/topics") public void topics() { // 向第一个队列发送消息。这时候队列可以接收到消息,因为队列的通配符是#first.#,而routing_key是topics first。路由。键,匹配成功 rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.TOPICS_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConstant.TOPICS_FIRST_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY, "topics hello"); // 向第二个队列发送消息。这时候队列也能收到消息了,因为队列的通配符是*秒#,而routing_key是topic秒。路由。键,匹配成功 rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.TOPICS_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConstant.TOPICS_SECOND_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY, "topics hello"); // 向第三个队列发送消息。此时队列无法接受消息,因为队列通配符是*第三个*,而routing_key是topics第三个。路由。键,匹配失败 rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.TOPICS_EXCHANGE_NAME, RabbitConstant.TOPICS_THIRD_QUEUE_ROUTING_KEY, "topics hello"); } @GetMapping(value = "/header") public void header() { // 这个消息应该被两个队列接收。第一个队列全部匹配成功,第二个队列 Hello 值任意匹配成功 MessageProperties messageProperties = new MessageProperties(); messageProperties.setHeader("matchAll", "YES"); messageProperties.setHeader("你好", "world"); Message message = new Message("header first hello".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), messageProperties); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.HEADER_EXCHANGE_NAME, null, message); // 这个消息应该只被第二个队列接受。第一个队列全部匹配失败, MessageProperties messagePropertiesSecond = new MessageProperties(); messagePropertiesSecond.setHeader("matchAll", "NO"); Message messageSecond = new Message("header second hello".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8), messagePropertiesSecond); rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitConstant.HEADER_EXCHANGE_NAME, null, messageSecond); } @GetMapping(value = "/rpc") public void rpc() { Object responseMsg = rabbitTemplate.convertSendAndReceive(RabbitConstant.RPC_QUEUE_NAME, "rpc hello!"); System.out.println("rabbit rpc 响应消息:" + responseMsg); } }
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