Prepare to start live broadcast: Use PHP to develop live broadcast functions

Live broadcast has become one of the mainstream forms in today's Internet field. Compared with other forms of content dissemination, live broadcast can convey information more intuitively, interact with the audience in real time, and gain higher user stickiness and attention. In the process of live broadcast implementation, how to use PHP to develop live broadcast functions is a topic that has attracted much attention. This article will introduce in detail how to use PHP to implement the live broadcast function.

1. Basic principle of live broadcast function

The basic principle of live broadcast function is to collect and encode the live video data captured by the camera, and transmit it to the server through the network, and then the server will process it. Decoding, streaming, and finally receiving, decoding, and playing by the client. The technologies required to realize the live broadcast function include: video collection and encoding technology, network transmission technology, server push technology, client playback technology, etc. Among them, the use of PHP to develop live broadcast functions is mainly reflected in the implementation of server-side push streaming technology.

2. Technical points for implementing PHP live broadcast function

1. Use FFmpeg for video collection and encoding

When pushing on the server side, you need to obtain the video from the live camera data. Live cameras usually provide RTSP (Real-Time Streaming Protocol) video streams, which can be captured and encoded through FFmpeg. FFmpeg is an open source command line-based cross-platform multimedia solution that provides rich audio and video collection, encoding, transcoding, decoding and other functions, and supports multiple protocols and formats. The sample code for video capture and encoding using FFmpeg is as follows:

$cmd = "ffmpeg -rtsp_transport tcp -i rtsp://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:554/live -vcodec copy -acodec aac -f flv rtmp://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/live/stream";
exec($cmd, $output);

Among them, rtsp://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:554/live is the RTSP video stream provided by the live camera Address, -vcodec copy and -acodec aac parameters specify the video encoding and audio encoding format, rtmp://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/live/stream is the push server address and stream name.

2. Use SRS for server-side push streaming

The push server is implemented using SRS (Simple RTMP Server). SRS is an open source RTMP streaming server developed in C language. It has the advantages of high performance, low latency, multiplexing, and streaming media protocol support. To build a push server, please refer to the SRS official website. Some code examples are as follows:

// 引入SRS类库
require_once 'Srs.php';

// 初始化SRS实例
$srs = new Srs();

// 连接SRS服务器
$srs->connect('rtmp://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/live');

// 推流数据
while ($data = $get_video_data()) {
    $srs->publish($data);
}

// 断开SRS连接
$srs->disconnect();

Among them, connect('rtmp://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/live') is specified by the method After specifying the push server address and stream name, the publish($data) method pushes the collected video data.

3. Use Video.js for client-side playback

For the client, you can use Video.js for live stream playback. Video.js is an open source cross-browser and device HTML5 video player. It has the advantages of strong customizability, support for multiple environments, and rich plug-ins. The sample code for live streaming using Video.js is as follows:

<video id="my-video" class="video-js" controls preload="auto" width="640" height="264" data-setup="{}">
    <source src="rtmp://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/live/stream" type="rtmp/mp4">
</video>

<script src="//vjs.zencdn.net/7.11.4/video.min.js"></script>

Among them, rtmp://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/live/stream is the push server address and stream name.

3. PHP live broadcast function implementation process

The specific PHP live broadcast function implementation process is as follows:

1. Use FFmpeg to obtain video stream data from the live broadcast camera;

2. Push the video stream data to the SRS push server;

3. Use Video.js to play the live stream on the client.

It should be noted that the implementation of PHP live broadcast function involves network transmission, and network bandwidth, delay and other issues need to be considered. CDN acceleration, multiplexing and other methods can be used for optimization.

4. Summary

Using PHP to develop live broadcast functions requires mastering technologies in video collection and encoding, server push streaming, client playback, etc. The specific implementation during the implementation process is also based on different Customized according to needs and scenarios. In practice, multiple factors such as video quality, delay, data security, and user experience should be comprehensively considered to achieve a more ideal live broadcast effect.

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