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In developing web applications, time handling is usually a key issue. PHP is a popular programming language that provides a wealth of time functions and formatting options, allowing us to easily process time data. In this article, we will discuss how to format time using PHP, as well as some common time functions.
In PHP, we can use the date function to convert a timestamp (UNIX timestamp or time string) into different time formats. The date function takes two parameters: the first is a format string that specifies the output time format, and the second is an optional timestamp. If the second argument is omitted, the current time is used by default.
The following are some common time format codes:
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| Y | Year, 4 digits |
| y | Year, 2 digits |
| m | Month, number, with leading zeros |
| n | Month, number, without leading zeros |
| d | Day, number, with leading zeros |
| j | Day, number, without leading zero |
| H | Hour, number, 24-hour format |
| h | Hour, number, 12-hour format |
| i | Minutes, numbers |
| s | Seconds, numbers |
| A | Morning or afternoon |
| a | Morning or afternoon, lowercase |
Here are some examples that demonstrate how to use this code to create different types of time formats:
// 输出格式为类似于 "2018-09-12" 的标准日期格式
echo date("Y-m-d");
// 输出格式为类似于 "2018年9月12日" 的中文格式
echo date("Y年n月j日");
// 输出格式为类似于 "2018-09-12 14:30:00" 的标准日期和时间格式
echo date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
// 输出格式为类似于 "下午 02:30" 的时间格式
echo date("A h:i");
In addition to the date function, PHP also provides a number of other time functions for performing more complex tasks. Here are some common time functions:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| strtotime | Convert time string to UNIX timestamp |
| time | Get the current UNIX timestamp |
| mktime | Get the UNIX timestamp for a specified date and time |
Here are some examples that demonstrate how to use these functions:
// 将时间字符串转换为UNIX时间戳
$timestamp = strtotime("2018-09-12 14:30:00");
// 获取当前的UNIX时间戳
$now = time();
// 获取特定日期的UNIX时间戳（此处为2018年9月12日下午2点30分）
$timestamp = mktime(14, 30, 0, 9, 12, 2018);
In short, PHP provides many convenient time functions and format options to easily handle time data. While developing web applications, before handling any time related tasks, we should read the documentation carefully and understand the best practices regarding PHP time handling.
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