How to use Jenkins to build an automated build environment for PHP

Jenkins is currently the most popular automated build tool. It can be used to quickly build, test, and deploy various types of applications, thereby improving the efficiency of software development. Here, we will introduce how to use Jenkins to build an automated build environment for PHP.

What is Jenkins?

Jenkins is an open source CI/CD (continuous integration/continuous deployment) tool based on Java. It can automatically complete construction, testing, deployment and other tasks, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of software development. Jenkins has a rich plug-in ecosystem that can be integrated with development frameworks, testing tools, version control tools, etc. in various languages ​​to meet automated construction scenarios with different needs. Through Jenkins, we can operate our PHP applications more easily, quickly deploy and test our applications.

Build the Jenkins environment

Before starting to build Jenkins, we must first confirm that our system supports the Java 8 operating environment and Git extensions. Then, we can set up Jenkins through the following steps:

1. Install Jenkins

Install Jenkins through the following command on Linux:

wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -
sudo sh -c 'echo deb http://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install jenkins

After the installation is complete , use the following command to start Jenkins:

sudo systemctl start jenkins

2. Configure Jenkins

Jenkins uses port 8080 by default, and we can modify the port number in the Jenkins configuration file. After modification, you need to restart Jenkins to take effect. Edit the Jenkins configuration file using the following command:

sudo nano /etc/default/jenkins

Find the HTTP_PORT or JENKINS_PORT entry in the file and replace the default port number. For example, change the port number to 8082:

HTTP_PORT=8082

Save and exit, then use the following command to restart Jenkins:

sudo systemctl restart jenkins

3. Install Jenkins plugin

Jenkins There are tons of plugins available for download. Before starting to use Jenkins, we need to install some necessary plugins first. Plugins can be installed through the "Plugin Management" function of the Jenkins control panel. Generally, we need to install the following plug-ins:

• Git plug-in: used to integrate with the GIT version control system.
• PHP plug-in: allows us to use PHP language in Jenkins.

After the installation is complete, restart Jenkins to make the plug-in take effect.

4. Configuring Jenkins

Before we start using Jenkins, we need to add a task first. Tasks are the basic unit of automated builds in Jenkins. Add tasks through "New Task" in the Jenkins control panel.

After adding the task, configure the GitHub and automated build information of the task. Use the following steps to complete the configuration:

• Specify the Git repository address: Integrate the source code repository in GitHub with Jenkins.
• Specify the Jenkins automated build process: This process defines the build steps you want Jenkins to perform.
• Specify the branch of the build: Determine which Git branch to trigger the build in Jenkins.

In addition, Jenkins can also be integrated with other tools, such as Docker, Kubernetes, etc. Starting a Docker container through Jenkins and running the build application within it can effectively speed up the application building process.

How to build a PHP build environment in Jenkins

After configuring Jenkins, we need to add the necessary configurations and plug-ins for the PHP build environment. Use the following steps to set up a PHP build environment:

1. Install the PHP plug-in

First, search for "PHP plug-in" in the Jenkins plug-in manager, and then install it. This plugin is required as it includes basic support for PHP.

2. Configure PHP plug-in

To configure Jenkins' support for PHP, we need to add a PHP instance on the Jenkins management platform. Use the following steps to complete the configuration:

• Go to the Jenkins control panel and select Manage Jenkins > Global Tools Configuration.
• Find the "PHP" configuration and add the path to the php binary. In addition, the PHP values ​​PHP_Debug, PHP_Timer and Xdebug can also be configured to run some performance extensions of the Jenkins plug-in, such as the Debug plug-in and performance monitoring plug-in.

3. Install Composer

Use Composer to manage dependencies of PHP projects. To use Composer, you must first install it. Use the following steps to install Composer in Jenkins:

• Install Composer on the Jenkins server.
• Modify the configuration file in Jenkins and add it to the $PATH variable or environment variable.
• Add a command in the build step of the Jenkins task that can be used to install and update Composer.

4. Testing with PHPUnit

PHPUnit is a testing tool for PHP that can easily unit test PHP applications. Using PHPUnit, you can more easily maintain and manage your PHP application's code base. Here is how to use PHPUnit for testing in Jenkins:

• First install the PHPUnit plug-in. Use the following steps to install the PHPUnit plugin in Jenkins:

  • Open the Control Panel and select "Plugin Management".
  • Search for PHPUnit in the "Optional Plug-ins" tab and select the Install button.
  • After the installation is complete, restart Jenkins.

• Configure PHPUnit. In order to use Python, you need to use PHPUnit in the build step. Use the following steps to configure PHPUnit:

  • 打开Jenkins任务面板。
  • 选择“构建设置”选项卡并添加一个“执行Shell”命令。
  • 在要测试的PHP脚本中添加PHPUnit命令，例如：

phpunit --configuration test/phpunit.xml

通过在Jenkins中配置PHPUnit，我们可以在不离开Jenkins的情况下对我们的PHP代码库进行测试。

总结

在本文中，我们介绍了如何使用Jenkins搭建PHP的自动化构建环境，并介绍了配置PHP插件、安装Composer和使用PHPUnit进行测试的步骤。希望这篇文章能够帮助你搭建高效的Jenkins环境。

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