Computer software systems include two major categories: 1. System software refers to a type of computer software responsible for controlling and coordinating computers and their peripheral devices, and supporting the development and operation of application software; it generally includes operating systems, Language processing programs, database systems, and network management systems. 2. Application software refers to a type of software developed for specific fields and serving specific purposes; it is directly oriented to the needs of users, can directly help users improve work quality and efficiency, and can even help users solve certain problems, such as Word for word processing and Rising Antivirus for system maintenance.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.
The computer software system refers to the various programs, data and related documentation that the computer runs. Computer software systems are usually divided into two categories: system software and application software.
1. System software
# System software can ensure that the computer runs normally according to the user's wishes. In order to meet the various needs of the user for using the computer, Help users manage computers and maintain resources, execute user commands, control system scheduling and other tasks.
System software refers to a type of computer software responsible for controlling and coordinating computers and their peripheral devices, and supporting the development and operation of application software. System software generally includes operating systems, language processing programs, database systems and network management systems.
Representative system software includes:
1.1 Operating system
The operating system manages the computer’s hardware devices so that application software can be convenient and efficient use these devices properly. Common ones on microcomputers include: DOS, WINDOWS, UNIX, OS/2, etc.
#The most important and basic computer software is the operating system (OS). It is the lowest level software. It controls all programs running on the computer and manages the resources of the entire computer. It is the bridge between the bare metal of the computer, applications and users. Without it, users cannot use a certain software or program.
The operating system is the control and management center of the computer system. From a resource perspective, it has four functions: processor, memory management, device management, and file management.
Commonly used systems include DOS operating system, WINDOWS operating system, UNIX operating system, Linux, Netware and other operating systems.
1.2 Language processing program
Compiled software CPU only completes a very simple operation for each instruction executed. A system software or application software requires thousands of It is composed of tens of thousands or even hundreds of millions of instructions. Writing software directly using basic instructions is an extremely arduous and difficult task.
Computers can only directly recognize and execute machine language. Therefore, if you want to run high-level language programs on your computer, you must be equipped with a program language translation program. The translation program itself is a set of programs, and different high-level languages have corresponding translation programs. .
Language processing programs such as assembly language assembler, C language compiler, connector, etc.
In order to improve efficiency, people specified a new set of instructions, called a high-level language, in which each instruction completes an operation. This operation is simple and basic relative to the overall function of the software, and It is complex compared to a single operation of the CPU. Writing programs (called source programs) in this high-level language is like using prefabricated panels instead of bricks to build a house. It is much more efficient. However, the CPU cannot directly execute these new instructions. You need to write a software specifically to translate each instruction in the source program into a series of basic instructions (also called machine language) that the CPU can accept, so that the source program can be converted into something that can be used on the computer. program running on it. Software that completes this translation is called high-level language compilation software, and they are usually classified as system software. Currently commonly used high-level languages include VB, C, JAVA, etc. Each of them has its own characteristics and is suitable for writing a certain type of program. They all have their own compilation software.
1.3 Database management system
The database management system stores large amounts of data in an organized and dynamic manner, allowing people to conveniently and Use this data efficiently.
Database management system is a large-scale software that manipulates and manages databases and is used to establish, use and maintain databases.
Foxpro, Access, Oracle, Sybase, DB2 and Informix are database systems.
1.4 Auxiliary programs
System auxiliary processing programs are also called "software development tools", "support software", and "software tools". They mainly include editing programs, Debugging programs, equipping and connecting programs, debugging programs.
2. Application software
Application software refers to a type of software developed for a specific field and serving a specific purpose. Application software is directly oriented to the needs of users. They can directly help users improve the quality and efficiency of their work, and even help users solve certain problems.
Application software is generally divided into two categories:
#The first category is practical software developed for specific needs, such as accounting software, setting systems, Engineering budget software and educational auxiliary software, etc.;
The other type is a tool software provided to facilitate users to use computers, such as Word for word processing, auxiliary design AutoCAD and Rising anti-virus software for system maintenance, etc.
Simply put: Application software is a program written to complete a specific job and solve some specific problems, such as anti-virus software, office software, game software, etc., all belong to application software.
Common office software (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, etc.) are all application software:
Word
Microsoft Office Word is word processing software. It is considered the main program of Office. It has a dominant share of the word processing software market. Its proprietary DOC format is respected as an industry standard, although its newer version, Word 2007, also supports an XML-based format. Word is also compatible with some versions of Microsoft Works. It is suitable for Windows and Mac platforms. Its main competitors are Writer, Star Office, Corel WordPerfect, and Apple Pages.
Excel
Microsoft Office Excel is a spreadsheet program [a software program that performs numerical and budgeting operations]. It is the earliest office component. Excel has a variety of built-in functions that can classify, sort, and even draw charts on large amounts of data. Like Microsoft office Word, it has a dominant share in the market. It started out as a competitor to the dominant Lotus 1-2-3, but eventually it outsold it in greater numbers and faster, and it became the de facto standard. It is suitable for Windows and Mac platforms. Its main competitors are Calc, Star Office, and Corel Quattro Pro.
PowerPoint
Microsoft Office PowerPoint is a presentation software designed by Microsoft Corporation. Users can not only present on a projector or computer, but also print out the presentation and make it into film for application in a wider range of fields. You can use Powerpoint not only to create presentations, but also to hold face-to-face meetings, remote meetings over the Internet, or to show presentations to an audience online. The thing created by Powerpoint is called a presentation. It is a file with the format suffix: .ppt, or it can be saved as .pdf, picture format, etc. In the 2010 and 2013 versions, it can be saved as a video format. Each page in the presentation is called a slide, and each slide is both independent and interrelated content in the presentation.
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