##The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, MySQL5.7 version, Dell G3 computer.

How to add serial number to mysql query?

MySQL adds a serial number to the query

#Data table

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tb_score;CREATE TABLE tb_score(
    id INT(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
    userid VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
    subject VARCHAR(20) COMMENT '科目',
    score DOUBLE COMMENT '成绩',
    PRIMARY KEY(id))ENGINE = INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('001','语文',90);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('001','数学',92);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('001','英语',80);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('002','语文',88);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('002','数学',90);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('002','英语',75.5);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('003','语文',70);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('003','数学',85);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('003','英语',90);INSERT INTO tb_score(userid,subject,score) VALUES ('003','政治',82);

MySQL adds a serial number to the query Add a serial number

A common solution is to generate a serial number by defining user variables

For example: query the data in the table and add the serial number, the corresponding SQL is:

SELECT
	id,userid,subject,score, (@i :=@i + 1) AS '序号'FROM
	tb_score,
	(SELECT @i := 0) AS itable;

+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
| id | userid | subject | score | 序号   |
+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
|  1 | 001    | 语文    |    90 |      1 |
|  2 | 001    | 数学    |    92 |      2 |
|  3 | 001    | 英语    |    80 |      3 |
|  4 | 002    | 语文    |    88 |      4 |
|  5 | 002    | 数学    |    90 |      5 |
|  6 | 002    | 英语    |  75.5 |      6 |
|  7 | 003    | 语文    |    70 |      7 |
|  8 | 003    | 数学    |    85 |      8 |
|  9 | 003    | 英语    |    90 |      9 |
| 10 | 003    | 政治    |    82 |     10 |
+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

SELECT
	*, (@i :=@i + 1) AS '序号'FROM
	tb_score;

+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
| id | userid | subject | score | 序号   |
+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
|  1 | 001    | 语文    |    90 |     11 |
|  2 | 001    | 数学    |    92 |     12 |
|  3 | 001    | 英语    |    80 |     13 |
|  4 | 002    | 语文    |    88 |     14 |
|  5 | 002    | 数学    |    90 |     15 |
|  6 | 002    | 英语    |  75.5 |     16 |
|  7 | 003    | 语文    |    70 |     17 |
|  8 | 003    | 数学    |    85 |     18 |
|  9 | 003    | 英语    |    90 |     19 |
| 10 | 003    | 政治    |    82 |     20 |
+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

or

SET @i=0;SELECT id,userid,subject,score,@i:=@i+1 AS '序号' FROM tb_score;

+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
| id | userid | subject | score | 序号   |
+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
|  1 | 001    | 语文    |    90 |      1 |
|  2 | 001    | 数学    |    92 |      2 |
|  3 | 001    | 英语    |    80 |      3 |
|  4 | 002    | 语文    |    88 |      4 |
|  5 | 002    | 数学    |    90 |      5 |
|  6 | 002    | 英语    |  75.5 |      6 |
|  7 | 003    | 语文    |    70 |      7 |
|  8 | 003    | 数学    |    85 |      8 |
|  9 | 003    | 英语    |    90 |      9 |
| 10 | 003    | 政治    |    82 |     10 |
+----+--------+---------+-------+--------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Explanation

1,

(@i:=@i 1) can also be written as @i:=@i 1, parentheses are added for visual clarity.

It means: add

1 to variable i and assign it to variable i. After defining a variable, it will be given in every query. This variable is incremented by itself. There is no need for this variable to be incremented every time a query statement is executed to obtain results.

2,

(SELECT @i:=0) AS itable, define user variable i, set the initial value to 0, and then It is used as a derived table and AS defines the alias of the table.

3,

SET @i=0 . Define user variable i and assign the initial value to 0.

Related knowledge points

1. How MySQL defines user variables:

select @variable name, in the above SQL statement, The name of the variable is i.

2. User variable assignment: one is to use

"=" directly, and the other is to use ":=". The difference between

= and :=

When using the set command to assign values ​​to user variables, both methods can be used, namely:

SET @Variable name=xxx or SET @Variable name:=xxx

When using the select statement to assign a value to a user variable, you can only use

":= " way, because in the select statement, the "=" sign is regarded as a comparison operator. That is:
SELECT @Variable name:=xxx:

①: User variable

②: Derived table

③: AS setting alias