Four key technologies: 1. Radio frequency identification technology is the main source of information collection in the Internet of Things. By attaching electronic tags to target items, they can be tracked and identified globally. 2. Sensor technology can perceive the real world through signals such as sound, light, electricity, heat, force, displacement, humidity, etc., and provide original information for the Internet of Things. 3. Network communication technology can realize the mutual exchange of information between things and things, and between people and things in the Internet of Things. 4. Information fusion technology can comprehensively analyze and process various collected sensory information to achieve real-time monitoring, information management and other functions.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.
What is the Internet of Things?
The term Internet of Things (ITO for short) is used in every aspect of our lives. The Internet of Things technology is essentially based on computer networks and uses RFID, wireless data communication and other technologies to build Internet of Things coverage for thousands of buildings in the world. Using this network, buildings (objects) can communicate with each other without human intervention.
We can also simply say that things = processors, sensors, actuators, and networks = data transmission servers and clients can also be easily understood. The IoT terminal collects data and transmits the data to the server. The server stores and processes the data and displays the data to the user.
It can connect various industries with each other and realize various industrial positioning, intelligent monitoring, remote monitoring and other functions. RFID technology, sensor technology, and wireless transmission technology are indispensable.
Basic Characteristics of the Internet of Things
Basic Characteristics of the Internet of Things From the perspective of communication objects and processes, the information interaction between things and things and people and things is The core of networking. The basic characteristics of the Internet of Things can be summarized as overall perception, reliable transmission and intelligent processing.
Overall perception - You can use radio frequency identification, QR codes, smart sensors and other sensing devices to perceive and obtain various types of information about objects.
Reliable transmission—Through the integration of the Internet and wireless networks, object information is transmitted in real time and accurately to facilitate information exchange and sharing.
Intelligent processing - using various intelligent technologies to analyze and process the data and information sensed and transmitted to achieve intelligent monitoring and control. Based on the above characteristics of the Internet of Things, combined with the perspective of information science, and around the flow process of information, the information processing functions of the Internet of Things can be summarized:
(1) The function of obtaining information. It is mainly the perception and identification of information. The perception of information refers to the perception and sensitivity of the attribute state of things and the way they change; the identification of information refers to the ability to express the felt state of things in a certain way.
(2) The function of transmitting information. It mainly involves the steps of information sending, transmission, reception, etc., and finally the task of transmitting the acquired state of things information and the way it changes from one point in time (or space) to another point. This is what is often referred to as the communication process.
(3) Function of processing information. It refers to the process of information processing, using existing information or perceived information to generate new information, which is actually the process of making decisions.
(4) Function of effect information. It refers to the process in which information finally exerts its effect. It has many forms of expression. The more important thing is to always keep the object in a pre-designed state by adjusting the state of the object and its transformation method.
Four key technologies of the Internet of Things
1. Radio frequency identification technology
RFID technology (Radio Frequency Identification) is radio frequency identification, commonly known as "electronic tags". It is the main source of information collection in the Internet of Things. Attaching electronic tags to target items can track and identify them globally.
Example: Cars equipped with electronic tags can be automatically recognized when passing through highway toll stations, eliminating the need to stop and pay, which greatly improves driving speed and efficiency.
2. Sensor technology
Sensors can perceive the real world through signals such as sound, light, electricity, heat, force, displacement, humidity, etc., and provide the best solution for the Internet of Things. Original information.
Example: The water temperature of the fish pond can be sensed through the temperature sensor, and the stress of the bridge can be sensed through the pressure sensor.
Sensor technology In the Internet of Things, sensors are mainly responsible for receiving the "voice" content of objects. Sensor technology is a multidisciplinary modern science and engineering technology that obtains information from natural sources and processes, converts and identifies it. It involves the planning, design, development, manufacturing and testing of sensors, information processing and identification, application and evaluation of improvement activities.
3. Transmission technology (network communication technology)
The use of transmission technology can realize the mutual exchange of information between things and things, and between people and things in the Internet of Things.
Example: Transmit information sensed by the Internet of Things through the Internet, mobile communication networks, satellite communications, etc.
In the Internet of Things, to communicate with people without any barriers, a high-speed network capable of transmitting massive data is indispensable. Network communications include not only global voice and data networks that allow users to establish long-distance wireless connections, but also short-range Bluetooth technology, infrared technology, and Zigbee technology.
4. Information fusion technology
Use information fusion technology to conduct comprehensive analysis and processing of various collected sensory information to achieve real-time monitoring, information management, and real-time early warning , intelligent decision-making and other functions.
Example: By integrating the perceived fish pond water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, etc., a comprehensive evaluation of the fish pond water quality conditions can be carried out in real time.
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